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The Klaipėda Revolt was the last armed conflict in Lithuania before World War II. [108] The Second Seimas of Lithuania, elected in May 1923, was the only Seimas in independent Lithuania that served its full term. The Seimas continued the land reform, introduced social support systems, and started repaying foreign debt.
Before World War II and the Holocaust, Vilnius was one of Europe's most important Jewish centers. Its Jewish influence has led to its being called "the Jerusalem of Lithuania", and Napoleon called it "the Jerusalem of the North" [19] when he passed through in 1812. Vilnius was a 2009 European Capital of Culture with Linz in Austria. [20]
Town Yiddish Name [1] [2] Pre-Holocaust Jewish population Notes Hebrew Latin Antopal: אנטיפאָליע Antipolye 1,792 (1921) Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated.
The Vilna Ghetto was called "Yerushalayim of the Ghettos" because it was known for its intellectual and cultural spirit. Before the war, Vilnius had been known as "Yerushalayim d'Lita" [15] (Yiddish: Jerusalem of Lithuania) for the same reason. The center of cultural life in the ghetto was the Mefitze Haskole Library, which was called the ...
Lithuania, [b] officially the Republic of Lithuania, [c] is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. [d] It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and the Russian semi-exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest, with a maritime border with Sweden to the west.
The genocide in Lithuania was one of the earliest large-scale implementations of the Final Solution, leading some to conclude that the Holocaust began in Lithuania in the summer of 1941. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] ^ Other scholars say the Holocaust started in September 1939 with the onset of the Second World War, [ 31 ] or even earlier, on Kristallnacht in ...
– LAF Pamphlet "Guidelines for the Liberation of Lithuania", March 1941 [24] [unreliable source?] By some calculations, more than 95% of Lithuania's Jewish population was massacred during the Nazi occupation, [25] a more complete destruction than befell any other country in the Holocaust. Historians attribute this to the massive collaboration ...
Out of approximately 208,000 – 210,000 Jews, an estimated 190,000 – 195,000 were murdered before the end of the Second World War, most between June and December 1941. More than 95% of Lithuania's Jewish population was massacred over the three-year German occupation, representing a more complete destruction than befell any other country ...