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The underlying causes of sudden cardiac arrest can result from cardiac and non-cardiac etiologies. The most common underlying causes are different, depending on the patient's age. Common cardiac causes include coronary artery disease , non-atherosclerotic coronary artery abnormalities, structural heart damage, and inherited arrhythmias.
The Hs and Ts is a mnemonic used to aid in remembering the possible reversible causes of cardiac arrest. [1] A variety of disease can lead to a cardiac arrest; however, they usually boil down to one or more of the "Hs and Ts". [2] [3] [4]
The main cause of cardiac arrest is two types of arrhythmias called ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia. Other potential causes include: Heart tissue scarring from a previous heart ...
What causes cardiac arrest? There are many potential causes of cardiac arrest. According to the Mayo Clinic, the most common cause is irregular heart rhythm called ventricular fibrillation, ...
Non-respiratory causes of sinus arrhythmia include sinus pause, sinus arrest, and sinoatrial exit block. Sinus pause and arrest involve slowing or arresting of automatic impulse generation from the sinus node. This can lead to asystole or cardiac arrest if ventricular escape rhythms do not create backup sources of cardiac action potentials. [2]
Another possible cause of cardiac arrest in young people is myocarditis, inflammation in the heart that occurs when someone is sick, usually following a viral infection. In this case, chest pain ...
Occasionally when severe it can cause palpitations, muscle pain, muscle weakness, or numbness. [1] [2] Hyperkalemia can cause an abnormal heart rhythm which can result in cardiac arrest and death. [1] [3] Common causes of hyperkalemia include kidney failure, hypoaldosteronism, and rhabdomyolysis. [1]
Sudden cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in the industrialised world. It exacts a significant mortality with approximately 70,000 to 90,000 sudden cardiac deaths each year in the United Kingdom, and survival rates are only 2%. [20]