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Women are classified as underweight if they have a pre-pregnant BMI of 18.5 or below. [3] Low pre-pregnancy BMI increases the risk of low birth weight infants, but the risk can be balanced by an appropriate gestational weight gain from 12.5 to 18.0 kilograms in total, or about 0.5 kilogram each week in the second and third trimesters. [3]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 12 December 2024. Relative weight based on mass and height Medical diagnostic method Body mass index (BMI) Chart showing body mass index (BMI) for a range of heights and weights in both metric and imperial. Colours indicate BMI categories defined by the World Health Organization ; underweight, normal ...
Women who are underweight (BMI of less than 18.5), should gain between 12.7 and 18 kg (28–40 lb), while those who are overweight (BMI of 25–29.9) are advised to gain between 6.8 and 11.3 kg (15–25 lb) and those who are obese (BMI ≥ 30) should gain between 5–9 kg (11–20 lb). [104]
During pregnancy, a woman's mass increases by about 12 kg (26 lb). [40] The European Food Safety Authority recommends an increase of 300 mL per day compared to the normal intake for non-pregnant women, taking the total adequate water intake (from food and fluids) to 2,300 mL, or approximately 1,850 mL/ day from fluids alone. [41]
Pregnant women should be encouraged to follow the gestational weight gain guidelines [18] according to their pre-pregnancy BMI, so to best avoid excessive weight gain during their pregnancy, while still providing the nutrients required for healthy fetal development.
Mean BMI (kg/m 2), World Health Organization (WHO), 2014 [1] Country Both Male Female
BMI is an accurate reflection of body fat percentage in the majority of the adult population. However it is less accurate in people such as body builders and pregnant women. [13] A formula combining BMI, age, and gender can be used to estimate a person's body fat percentage to an accuracy of 4%. [14]
For children aged 5–19, the WHO defines obesity as a BMI two standard deviations above the median for their age (a BMI around 18 for a five-year old; around 30 for a 19-year old). [ 26 ] [ 28 ] For children under five, the WHO defines obesity as a weight three standard deviations above the median for their height.