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Shelly limestone is a highly fossiliferous limestone, composed of a number of fossilized organisms such as brachiopods, bryozoans, crinoids, sponges, corals and mollusks. It varies in color, texture and hardness. Coquina is a poorly indurated form of shelly limestone. Shelly limestone is a sedimentary rock because it is made up of fragments.
Carboniferous Limestone – Limestone deposited during the Dinantian Epoch of the Carboniferous Period; Coquina – Sedimentary rock that is composed mostly of fragments of shells; Coral rag – Limestone composed of ancient coral reef material; Chalk – Soft carbonate rock; Fossiliferous limestone – Limestone containing fossils
Fossiliferous limestone is a type of limestone that contains noticeable quantities of fossils or fossil traces. If a particular type of fossil dominates, a more specialized term can be used as in " Crinoidal ", "Coralline", "Conchoidal" limestone.
A well-cemented coquina is classified as a biosparite (fossiliferous limestone) according to the Folk classification of sedimentary rocks. [ 6 ] Coquinas accumulate in high-energy marine and lacustrine environments where currents and waves result in the vigorous winnowing, abrasion, fracturing, and sorting of the shells that compose them.
Limestone forms when these minerals precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium. This can take place through both biological and nonbiological processes, though biological processes, such as the accumulation of corals and shells in the sea, have likely been more important for the last 540 million years.
The seeping water from precipitation and the groundwater accumulate at the shell limestone base, which is followed by reddish rock in the bedrock, and soften it. The load of the approximately 100 meter thick limestone package of the Lower Muschelkalk caused fracturing and sliding processes in the rocks of the Röt in the area of the Goetz Cave.
The area was bordered to the south by a shell limestone plateau with steep slopes sloping down to the north. The plateau itself was partly karstified. The chemical weathering created limestone water which penetrated the moorland and ensured the excellent preservation of the fossils. [141] Thick layer of leaves of Dryophyllum from the Geiseltal
The Muschelkalk (German for "shell-bearing limestone"; French: calcaire coquillier) is a sequence of sedimentary rock strata (a lithostratigraphic unit) in the geology of central and western Europe. It has a Middle Triassic (240 to 230 million years) age and forms the middle part of the three-part Germanic Trias (that gives the Triassic its ...
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