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Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a type of fluid replacement used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially due to diarrhea. [1] It involves drinking water with modest amounts of sugar and salts, specifically sodium and potassium. [1]
Drinks especially high in simple sugars, such as soft drinks and fruit juices, are not recommended as the main source of hydration, or for children under 5 years of age as they may increase diarrhea. [5] Plain water may be used if more specific and effective ORT preparations of hydrational fluids are unavailable or are not palatable. [5]
Fluid replacement or fluid resuscitation is the medical practice of replenishing bodily fluid lost through sweating, bleeding, fluid shifts or other pathologic processes. . Fluids can be replaced with oral rehydration therapy (drinking), intravenous therapy, rectally such as with a Murphy drip, or by hypodermoclysis, the direct injection of fluid into the subcutaneous tis
A renal diet is a diet aimed at keeping levels of fluids, electrolytes, and minerals balanced in the body in individuals with chronic kidney disease or who are on dialysis. Dietary changes may include the restriction of fluid intake, protein , and electrolytes including sodium , phosphorus , and potassium . [ 1 ]
As potassium levels get higher, individuals may begin to experience nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. [3] Patients with severe hyperkalemia, defined by levels above 7 mEq/L, may experience muscle cramps, numbness, tingling, absence of reflexes, and paralysis. [3] [14] Patients may experience arrhythmias that can result in death. [3] [14]
The arterial supply of the nephron is linked to the filtration apparatus , and reduced perfusion leads to reduced blood flow; usually this is the result of pre-renal pathology. [9] The kidney's resorptive mechanisms are particularly energetic, using nearly 100% of the O 2 supplied. Thus, the kidney is particularly sensitive to reduction in ...
Firestone recommended taking time to decide what matters most during the holiday season, including connecting with family and loved ones or spending time alone relaxing. Then focus on those goals ...
He observed that sulfanilamide increased excretion of sodium in patients with heart failure. This observation was the basis for the discovery and development of modern diuretic drugs. Frederic Bartter (1914–1983) worked on hormones affecting the kidney that led to the discovery of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) in 1957 ...
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