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The Teutonic Order is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society c. 1190 in Acre, ... In 1236, the Knights of Saint Thomas, an English order, ...
The Teutonic Order agreed to return Revala (including Reval, modern Tallinn), Virumaa (Vironia), Järva (Jerwia) and Harju (Harria), to king Valdemar II of Denmark. [1] [4] The Danish king donated Jerwia to the Teutonic Order, on condition that the Order did not build any castles in Jerwia without his consent and that the county remained in the ...
The Teutonic Order initially planned to incorporate all of Lithuania into the Teutonic State, as it had with Prussia, but those plans faced strong Lithuanian resistance. [13] The Teutonic Order's principal objective was to conquer the Lithuanian lowland region, Samogitia, and build fortresses there to solidify their control.
The Teutonic Order's annexation and possession of Gdańsk (Danzig) and the surrounding region was consistently disputed by the Polish kings Władysław I and Casimir III the Great – claims that led to the Polish–Teutonic War (1326–1332) and, eventually, lawsuits in the papal court in 1320 and 1333, which ruled in favor of Poland, however ...
The order was in conflict with the papacy under Pope Gregory IX and the Holy Roman Emperor, two of its biggest supporters, over Estonia. [6] However, on 19 February 1236, Pope Gregory IX issued a papal bull declaring a crusade against Lithuania. Volkwin was reluctant to launch offensive actions against Lithuanian lands. [7]
In 1236, Pope Gregory IX granted Papal confirmation to the Order, which became known as the Knights of St Thomas Acon (Acre being Anglicised to Acon). It adopted the rule of the Teutonic Knights. For the next 100 years, the crusaders held and defended the city of Acre.
1236 Merged into the Teutonic Order as the Order of Livonia, disbanded 1561. Order of Dobrzyń: 1216 Dobrzyń Land, Poland: 1240 Small number, maximum 35 knights. Battled by the Prussians, around 1235 most knights joined the Teutonic Order. In 1237 the rest of the brothers reinforced Drohiczyn by order of Konrad.
In 1237 the Teutonic Knights assimilated the Sword-Brothers or Livonian Order, a military order active in Livonia, after they were nearly wiped out by Lithuanians in the Battle of Saule. With the support of Henry III, Margrave of Meissen , in 1236, the crusaders advanced north along both banks of the Vistula and forced the submission of most ...