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Lithium will ignite and burn in oxygen when exposed to water or water vapor. In moist air, lithium rapidly tarnishes to form a black coating of lithium hydroxide (LiOH and LiOH·H 2 O), lithium nitride (Li 3 N) and lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 , the result of a secondary reaction between LiOH and CO 2 ). [ 48 ]
Nitrogen dioxide is a reddish-brown gas with a pungent, acrid odor above 21.2 °C (70.2 °F; 294.3 K) and becomes a yellowish-brown liquid below 21.2 °C (70.2 °F; 294.3 K). It forms an equilibrium with its dimer , dinitrogen tetroxide ( N 2 O 4 ), and converts almost entirely to N 2 O 4 below −11.2 °C (11.8 °F; 261.9 K).
The standard enthalpy change of combustion, ΔH° c, expressed per mole of ammonia and with condensation of the water formed, is −382.81 kJ/mol. Dinitrogen is the thermodynamic product of combustion: all nitrogen oxides are unstable with respect to N 2 and O 2, which is the principle behind the catalytic converter.
There, it reacts with water to form clouds of sulfurous acid (SO 2 + H 2 O ⇌ HSO − 3 + H +), and is a key component of the planet's global atmospheric sulfur cycle. It has been implicated as a key agent in the warming of early Mars, with estimates of concentrations in the lower atmosphere as high as 100 ppm, [13] though it only exists in ...
An adult with healthy diet consumes and excretes about 1–3 grams of phosphorus per day, with consumption in the form of inorganic phosphate and phosphorus-containing biomolecules such as nucleic acids and phospholipids; and excretion almost exclusively in the form of phosphate ions such as H 2 PO − 4 and HPO 2− 4. Only about 0.1% of body ...
Degradation of DDT to form DDE (by elimination of HCl, left) and DDD (by reductive dechlorination, right) DDT is a persistent organic pollutant that is readily adsorbed to soils and sediments , which can act both as sinks and as long-term sources of exposure affecting organisms. [ 19 ]