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NAHDAP's staff consists of professional researchers, data archivists and technicians working together to obtain, process, distribute, and promote amongst social science researchers sharing of data relevant to drug addiction and HIV. NAHDAP is a project of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, part of the National Institutes of Health.
The conservation model of nursing is based around the law of conservation of energy, combined with the psycho-social aspects of the individual's needs. Levine believed that these needs are joined within the individual as a "cascade of life events, churning and changing as the environmental challenge is confronted and resolved in each individual ...
Based on self-report by staff the prevalence of elder abuse in institutional settings such as nursing homes is 64.2%. The prevalence of psychological abuse is 33.4%, physical abuse 14.1%, neglect 11.6%, and sexual abuse 1.9%. Risk factors for abuse were being female, cognitive impairment, and being older than 74. [10]
[44] Contingency management has been shown to help individuals struggling with addiction reach abstinence with a wide range of addictive drugs (e.g., alcohol, opiates, cocaine, and nicotine). [ 44 ] This may explain why drug abusers are at risk for relapse even after long periods of abstinence and despite the potentially devastating consequences.
Supporters of the Moral Model view drug use as a choice, even for those who are addicted, and addicts as people of bad character. [73] Disease Model of addiction frames substance abuse as 'a chronic relapsing disease that changes the structure and function of the brain'. [74]
The nursing model is a consolidation of both concepts and the assumption that combine them into a meaningful arrangement. A model is a way of presenting a situation in such a way that it shows the logical terms in order to showcase the structure of the original idea. The term nursing model cannot be used interchangeably with nursing theory.
Models of addiction risk that have been proposed in psychology literature include an affect dysregulation model of positive and negative psychological affects, the reinforcement sensitivity theory model of impulsiveness and behavioral inhibition, and an impulsivity model of reward sensitization and impulsiveness. [1] [5] [6]
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA; pronounced / ˈ s æ m s ə /) is a branch of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.SAMHSA is charged with improving the quality and availability of treatment and rehabilitative services in order to reduce illness, death, disability, and the cost to society resulting from substance abuse and mental illnesses.