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Surface weather prognostic charts for mariners indicate the positions of high and low pressure areas, as well as frontal zones, up to five days into the future. Surface wind direction and speed is also forecast on this type of chart. Wave prognostic charts show the expected sea state at some future time. [2]
In meteorology, the synoptic scale (also called the large scale or cyclonic scale) is a horizontal length scale of the order of 1,000 km (620 mi) or more. [1] This corresponds to a horizontal scale typical of mid-latitude depressions (e.g. extratropical cyclones ).
A weather map, also known as synoptic weather chart, displays various meteorological features across a particular area at a particular point in time and has various symbols which all have specific meanings. [1] Such maps have been in use since the mid-19th century and are used for research and weather forecasting purposes.
A surface weather analysis for the United States on October 21, 2006. By that time, Tropical Storm Paul was active (Paul later became a hurricane). Surface weather analysis is a special type of weather map that provides a view of weather elements over a geographical area at a specified time based on information from ground-based weather stations.
The weather charts in some countries or regions mark troughs by a line. In the United States, a trough may be marked as a dashed line or bold line. In the UK, Hong Kong [ 1 ] and Fiji, [ 2 ] it is represented by a bold line extended from a low pressure center [ 3 ] or between two low pressure centers; [ 4 ] in Macau [ 5 ] and Australia, [ 6 ...
Isotachs are particularly useful in diagnosing the location of the jet stream on upper level constant pressure charts, usually at or above the 300 hPa level. [6] The flags and pennants point to the low pressure, so it is possible to determine at which hemisphere the station is standing.
A nephanalysis or neph chart is a type of synoptic chart plotting the types and amount of clouds and precipitation. [1] Nephanalyses may map cloud cover , the altitudes of cloud tops , or cloud ceilings , incorporating data from surface, aerial, and satellite observations.
The omega equation is a culminating result in synoptic-scale meteorology.It is an elliptic partial differential equation, named because its left-hand side produces an estimate of vertical velocity, customarily [1] expressed by symbol , in a pressure coordinate measuring height the atmosphere.