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A residual-current device (RCD), residual-current circuit breaker (RCCB) or ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) [a] is an electrical safety device, more specifically a form of Earth-leakage circuit breaker, that interrupts an electrical circuit when the current passing through line and neutral conductors of a circuit is not equal (the term residual relating to the imbalance), therefore ...
An earth-leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) is a safety device used in electrical installations to prevent shock. It consists of either a current sensing mechanism, or a voltage sensing mechanism. Such a protection mechanism may be found in the form of distribution board modules, standalone devices, and special sockets (aka receptacles).
Since the earth leakage is restricted, leakage protection devices can be set to less than 750 mA. By comparison, in a solidly earthed system, earth fault current can be as much as the available short-circuit current. The neutral earthing resistor is monitored to detect an interrupted ground connection and to shut off power if a fault is detected.
Residual-current device (RCD), also residual current circuit breaker (RCCB) A circuit breaker triggered by unequal currents in line and neutral wires (i.e., electrical power is passing to earth). Mandatory for most circuits as of 17th Edition regulations. Residual current circuit breaker with overcurrent protection (RCBO)
Until the 1950s, isolated ground domestic mains supplies tended to have no Residual-Current Device or Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker , and too high a ground impedance to blow a fuse if a live-to-earth fault occurred. This could leave metalwork in the house live.
Earth fault protection also requires current transformers and senses an imbalance in a three-phase circuit. Normally the three phase currents are in balance, i.e. roughly equal in magnitude. If one or two phases become connected to earth via a low impedance path, their magnitudes will increase dramatically, as will current imbalance.
Residual-current circuit breaker with overcurrent protection — combines the functions of a RCD and a MCB in one package. In the United States and Canada, these are called GFCI breakers. Earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) — This detects current in the earth wire directly rather than detecting imbalance. They are no longer seen in new ...
A distribution board (also known as panelboard, circuit breaker panel, breaker panel, electric panel, fuse box or DB box) is a component of an electricity supply system that divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits while providing a protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit in a common enclosure.