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Pandora's box is an artefact in Greek mythology connected with the myth of Pandora in Hesiod's c. 700 B.C. poem Works and Days. [1] Hesiod related that curiosity led her to open a container left in the care of her husband, thus releasing curses upon mankind.
Elpis was the remaining item enclosed in Pandora's box (or jar), the best known form of the myth found in Hesiod’s Works and Days. [1] There Hesiod expands upon the misery inflicted on mankind through the curiosity of Pandora.
The Pandora myth first appeared in lines 560–612 of Hesiod's poem in epic meter, the Theogony (c. 8th–7th centuries BCE), without ever giving the woman a name. After humans received the stolen gift of fire from Prometheus, an angry Zeus decides to give humanity a punishing gift to compensate for the boon they had been given.
Before Pandora's arrival, man had lived free from evils, toil and illness, but she had been given a jar which contained all these curses; this she opened, releasing all its contents but Elpis (Ἔλπις, "Hope" or "Expectation"). [8] Lucas Cranach the Elder, The Golden Age (c. 1530) The Myth of the Ages follows. [9]
In Greek mythology, Epimetheus (/ ɛ p ɪ ˈ m iː θ i ə s /; Ancient Greek: Ἐπιμηθεύς, lit. 'afterthought') [1] is the brother of Prometheus, the pair serving "as representatives of mankind". [2] Both sons of the Titan Iapetus, [3] while Prometheus ("foresight") is ingeniously clever, Epimetheus ("hindsight") is inept and foolish.
Pandora, an Athenian princess as the second eldest daughter of King Erechtheus of Athens and probably Praxithea, daughter of Phrasimus and Diogeneia. Together with her sister Protogeneia , they sacrificed herself on behalf of their country when an army came from Boeotia during the war between Athens and Eleusis .
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Pandora's mother was Pyrrha, daughter of Epimetheus and Pandora. She was the sister of Hellen and Thyia. [4] Her other possible siblings were Protogeneia, [5] Pronoos, Orestheus, Marathonius, [6] Amphictyon, [7] Melantho [8] and Candybus. [9] According to the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, Pandora was the mother of Graecus by the god Zeus.