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Intrusion is one of the two ways igneous rock can form. The other is extrusion, such as a volcanic eruption or similar event. An intrusion is any body of intrusive igneous rock, formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet. In contrast, an extrusion consists of extrusive rock, formed above the surface of the crust.
The term pluton is poorly defined, [12] but has been used to describe an intrusion emplaced at great depth; [13] as a synonym for all igneous intrusions; [14] as a dustbin category for intrusions whose size or character are not well determined; [15] or as a name for a very large intrusion [16] or for a crystallized magma chamber. [17]
Shield volcanoes are large, slow forming volcanoes [6] that erupt fluid basaltic magma that cools to form the extrusive rock basalt.Basalt is composed of minerals readily available in the planet's crust, including feldspars and pyroxenes.
A laccolith is a type of igneous intrusion, formed when magma forces its way upwards through the Earth's crust but cools and solidifies before reaching the surface. . Laccoliths are distinguished from other igneous intrusions by their dome-shaped upper surface and l
In geology, a sill is a tabular sheet intrusion that has intruded between older layers of sedimentary rock, beds of volcanic lava or tuff, or along the direction of foliation in metamorphic rock. A sill is a concordant intrusive sheet, meaning that it does not cut across preexisting rock beds.
A contact can be formed during deposition, by the intrusion of magma, [2] or through faulting or other deformation of rock beds that brings distinct rock bodies into contact. [3] The geologic subdiscipline of stratigraphy is primarily concerned with depositional contacts, [4] while faults and shear zones are of particular interest in structural ...
White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt said the mystery drones flown across New Jersey in late 2024 were "authorized to be flown by the FAA" in the first press briefing of President Donald ...
The intrusion of magma into layered sedimentary rocks and the resulting formation of laccoliths or igneous stocks can also create domes. In the case of laccoliths, this happens when the vertical movement magma stops at the base of particular sedimentary layer or layers and starts to spread laterally away from the pipe of ascending magma.