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Pakistan's principal natural resources are arable land and water. About 25% of Pakistan's total land area is under cultivation and is watered by one of the largest irrigation systems in the world. Pakistan irrigates three times more acres than Russia. Pakistan agriculture also benefits from year-round warmth.
During that period economy of Pakistan remained in poor shape and Pakistan had to go to IMF again for record third in the period of Bhutto government. [3] As per few sources, this was the most corrupt government in the history of Pakistan. This time Pakistan got an amount of US$294,690 (equivalent to $608,108 in 2024) on 13 December 1995. [3]
Geometrically, is the slope of the consumption function. Keynes proposed this model to fit three stylized facts: [5] People typically spend a part, but not all of their income on consumption, and they save the rest. They typically do not borrow money to spend, or borrow money to save. [6]
Pakistan, [e] officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, [f] is a country in South Asia. It is the fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 241.5 million, [c] having the second-largest Muslim population as of 2023. Islamabad is the nation's capital, while Karachi is its largest city and financial centre.
The alternative to a commodity money system is fiat money which is defined by a central bank and government law as legal tender even if it has no intrinsic value. Originally fiat money was paper currency or base metal coinage, but in modern economies it mainly exists as data such as bank balances and records of credit or debit card purchases, [3] and the fraction that exists as notes and coins ...
A supporter of Islamic economics describes a "major difficulty" faced by Islamic reformers of Islamic economics and pointed out by other authors, namely that because a financial system is an "integrated and coherent structure", to create an Islamic system "based on trust, community and no interest" requires "changes and interventions on several ...
The Pakistan (Monetary System and Reserve Bank) Order, 1947 was issued on 14 August 1947, by the Governor General of pre-partition British India, following the advice of an expert committee. [4] It designated the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as the temporary monetary authority for both India and Pakistan until 30 September 1948. [ 4 ]
After independence, the State Bank of Pakistan was established as the central bank of the country, with its headquarters in Karachi. Prior to independence, the Reserve Bank of India acted as the central bank for what became Pakistan. Under pressure from the International Monetary Fund, Pakistan implemented economic reforms in the late 1990s. [1]