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The Erechtheion [2] (/ ɪ ˈ r ɛ k θ i ə n /, latinized as Erechtheum / ɪ ˈ r ɛ k θ i ə m, ˌ ɛ r ɪ k ˈ θ iː ə m /; Ancient Greek: Ἐρέχθειον, Greek: Ερέχθειο) or Temple of Athena Polias [3] is an ancient Greek Ionic temple on the north side of the Acropolis, Athens, which was primarily dedicated to the goddess ...
The Sanctuary of Zeus Polieus was a walled open-air sanctuary dedicated to Zeus Polieus (city protector) around 500 BC on the Acropolis of Athens, sited to the Erechtheion's east. None of its foundations have been discovered and its trapezoid plan and many entrances have been worked out from rock cuttings on the Acropolis.
Map of ancient Attica. Trittyes belonging to the phyle of Erechtheis are numbered "1" and shaded brown. War memorial for men of the Erechtheis, 460–459 BC. The inscription reads: “Of the Erechteid Tribe, died at war in Cyprus, in Phoenicia, at Halieis, at Egina, at Megara, the same year.’
Of the temples, the grandest was the Parthenon, sacred to the "Virgin" goddess Athena; and north of the Parthenon was the magnificent Erechtheion, containing three separate temples, one to Athena Polias, or the "Protectress of the State", the Erechtheion proper, or sanctuary of Erechtheus, and the Pandroseion, or sanctuary of Pandrosos, the ...
Dörpfeld Foundations Temple, south of the Erechtheion. Prior to the archaeological discoveries of the late 19th century, the existence of the archaic temple on the acropolis was known only from literary testimonia, and the few remains from the archaic buildings which have been visible continuously from antiquity to the present day—namely, the unfinished marble column drums and the poros ...
A possible sculpture of Erechtheus. Erechtheus (/ ɪ ˈ r ɛ k θj uː s,-θ i ə s /; Ancient Greek: Ἐρεχθεύς) in Greek mythology was a king of Athens, the founder of the polis and, in his role as god, attached to Poseidon, as "Poseidon Erechtheus".
The columns of the Erechtheion were also imitated in the Temple of Roma and Augustus on the Acropolis, built ca. 19 BC, where the imitations were enabled by repair work then being undertaken on the Erechtheion itself. The temple of Aphrodite Urania is likely only a little later in date.
The terrace immediately around the building is an artificial one created by infill, which along with the foundation is dated to the last half of the 5th century or contemporary with the Erechtheion. [8] The reconstruction of the architecture is controversial. [9]