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Hydropower (from Ancient Greek ὑδρο-, "water"), also known as water power, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines. This is achieved by converting the gravitational potential or kinetic energy of a water source to produce power. [ 1 ]
Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies 15% of the world's electricity , almost 4,210 TWh in 2023, [ 1 ] which is more than all other renewable sources combined and also more than nuclear power . [ 2 ]
The Edersee Dam in Hesse, Germany. A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aquaculture, and navigability.
Previous upstream dams and reservoirs were part of the 1980s James Bay Project. There are also small and somewhat-mobile forms of a run-of-the-river power plants. One example is the so-called electricity buoy, a small floating hydroelectric power plant. Like most buoys, it is anchored to the ground, in this case in a river.
To supply water to Plant 1 and 2, a weir with a height ranging 4–16 ft (1.2–4.9 m) creates a small reservoir. The intake for Plant 1 is located just above the left abutment of the weir. Water from the intake enters a 280 ft (85 m) long and 7 ft (2.1 m) diameter vertical penstock which supplies water to the plant. Plant 1 is located in a ...
The Simón Bolívar Hydroelectric Plant, also Guri Dam (Spanish: Central Hidroeléctrica Simón Bolívar or Represa de Guri), previously known as the Raúl Leoni Hydroelectric Plant, is a concrete gravity and embankment dam in Bolívar State, Venezuela, on the Caroni River, built from 1963 to 1969. [3] It is 7,426 metres long and 162 m high. [4]
The dam has enabled a constant water flow throughout the year which benefits water supply, recreation, and flood control. Up to 1,320 cubic feet per second (37 m 3 /s) of water is released into the San Juan River via a 32 megawatt hydroelectric plant owned by the city of Farmington.
The Yacyretá Dam or Jasyretâ-Apipé Hydroelectric Power Station (from Guaraní jasy retã, "land of the moon") is a dam and hydroelectric power plant built over the waterfalls of Jasyretâ-Apipé in the Paraná River, between the Paraguayan City of Ayolas and the Argentine Province of Corrientes.