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Aponeurotic and congenital ptosis may require surgical correction if severe enough to interfere with the vision or if appearance is a concern. Treatment depends on the type of ptosis and is usually performed by an ophthalmic plastic surgeon or a reconstructive surgeon specializing in diseases and eyelid problems.
Trichiasis (/ t r ɪ k i ˈ eɪ s ɪ s / trik-ee-AY-sis, / t r ɪ ˈ k aɪ ə s ɪ s / tri-KEYE-ə-sis) [1] is a medical term for abnormally positioned eyelashes that grow back toward the eye, touching the cornea or conjunctiva.
It is also possible for a patient to develop ptosis as a result of an initial eyelid surgery operation. Both require eyelid revision surgeries. Since ptosis patients need correction of delicate anatomical tissues and structures, eyelid revision surgery on ptosis patients is considered one of the more difficult surgical procedures to perform. [2 ...
Incision lines for blepharoplasty. The thorough pre-operative medical and surgical histories, and the physical examination of the patient's periorbital area (eyebrow-to-cheek-to-nose), determine if the patient can safely undergo a blepharoplasty procedure to feasibly resolve (correct or modify, or both) the functional and aesthetic indications presented by the patient.
The ptosis of Horner syndrome can be quite mild or barely noticeable (partial ptosis). [7] When anisocoria occurs and the examiner is unsure whether the abnormal pupil is the constricted or dilated one, if a one-sided ptosis is present then the abnormally sized pupil can be presumed to be on the side of the ptosis. [citation needed]
The ptosis is typically bilateral but may be unilateral for a period of months to years before the fellow lid becomes involved. [ citation needed ] Ophthalmoplegia (the inability or difficulty to move the eye) is usually symmetrical, therefore, patients are not affected by diplopia (double vision).
Dermatochalasis is caused by a loss of elasticity in the connective tissue supporting the structure of the front portion of the eyelid. [3] Normally, in Caucasians, the orbicularis muscle and overlying skin form a crease near the tarsal border. [3]
Surgical correction is used in more severe cases. A number of techniques for surgical correction exist. The Hotz-Celsus technique involves the removal of strip of skin and orbicularis oculi muscle parallel to the affected portion of the lid and then the skin is sutured.