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Selective Repeat is part of the automatic repeat request (ARQ). With selective repeat, the sender sends a number of frames specified by a window size even without the need to wait for individual ACK from the receiver as in Go-Back-N ARQ. The receiver may selectively reject a single frame, which may be retransmitted alone; this contrasts with ...
One common simplification of selective-repeat is so called SREJ-REJ ARQ. This operates with w r =2 and buffers packets following a gap, but only allows a single lost packet; while waiting for that packet, w r =1 and if a second packet is lost, no more packets are buffered. This gives most of the performance benefit of the full selective-repeat ...
The Transmission Control Protocol uses a variant of Go-Back-N ARQ to ensure reliable transmission of data over the Internet Protocol, which does not provide guaranteed delivery of packets; with Selective Acknowledgement (SACK), it uses Selective Repeat ARQ. IEEE 802.11 wireless networking uses ARQ retransmissions at the data-link layer. [1]
NORM operates on top of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and ensures reliable communication based upon a negative acknowledgement (NACK), selective Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) mechanism, as opposed to the positive acknowledgement (ACK) approach that the standard Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) uses. In other words, receivers using NORM ...
This re-transmission process is known as ARQ (automatic repeat request). The problem with Stop-and-wait is that only one frame can be transmitted at a time, and that often leads to inefficient transmission, because until the sender receives the ACK it cannot transmit any new packet.
As a result, hybrid ARQ performs better than ordinary ARQ in poor signal conditions, but in its simplest form this comes at the expense of significantly lower throughput in good signal conditions. There is typically a signal quality cross-over point below which simple hybrid ARQ is better, and above which basic ARQ is better.
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Retransmission, essentially identical with automatic repeat request (ARQ), is the resending of packets which have been either damaged or lost. Retransmission is one of the basic mechanisms used by protocols operating over a packet switched computer network to provide reliable communication (such as that provided by a reliable byte stream, for example TCP).