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In the southern Demchok region, only two claim lines are shown (map by the CIA). From the area's lowest point on the Karakash River at about 14,000 feet (4,300 m) to the glaciated peaks up to 22,500 feet (6,900 m) above sea level, Aksai Chin is a desolate, largely uninhabited area. It covers an area of about 37,244 square kilometres (14,380 sq mi).
An article in the Minneapolis Star Tribune stated: "Their combat over a barren, uninhabited world of questionable value is a forbidding symbol of their lingering, irreconcilability." [61] Stephen P. Cohen compared the conflict to "a struggle between two bald men over a comb. Siachen is a symbol of the worst aspects of their relationship."
Boundary of Kashmir in the 1888 Survey of India map of India. The undefined boundary shown in dash line from Malubiting, Raskam, Aktagh to Karakunlun Shan Detailed map showing part of the Trans-Karakoram Tract near the Shaksgam River (United States Army Map Service, 1953) The Shaksgam Valley (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region) photographed in August
PP16, PP17 and PP17A — Kugrang River Valley, the last near Gogra [66] PP18 to PP23 — southeast of Gogra, from the Silung Barma (Chang Chenmo River tributary) towards Pangong Tso; Pangong Range, a sub range of Karakoram Range, [62] runs from Chushul along southern shore of Panggong Tso on India-China LAC. PP24 to PP? Kailash Range
The Siachen Glacier is a glacier located in the eastern Karakoram range in the Himalayas at about , just northeast of the point NJ9842 where the Line of Control between India and Pakistan [ 3 ] [ 4 ] At 76 km (47 mi) long, it is the longest glacier in the Karakoram and second-longest in the world's non-polar areas . [ 5 ]
The Karakoram Pass is located to the north of the Depsang Plains, while the Lingzi Thang plains lie to the southeast. On the west is the southern part of the Rimo glacier, the source of the Shyok River. [10] Francis Younghusband, who travelled here in the late 19th century, described the area as follows: [11]
Raja Mohan, Director of the Institute of South Asian Studies at the National University of Singapore, writes that the growing power imbalance between China and India is the main cause of the dispute, with everything else such as the location of the dispute or international ties of India, being mere detail. [99]
This former dispute over a small island never more than two meters above sea level was contested from the island's appearance in the 1970s to its disappearance, likely due to climate change, [155] in the first decade of the 2000s. Though land disputes no longer exist, the maritime boundary was not settled until 2014.