Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
An interest rate option is a specific financial derivative contract whose value is based on interest rates. [1] Its value is tied to an underlying interest rate, such as the yield on 10 year treasury notes. Similar to equity options, there are two types of contracts: calls and puts.
From the economic point of view, financial derivatives are cash flows that are conditioned stochastically and discounted to present value. The market risk inherent in the underlying asset is attached to the financial derivative through contractual agreements and hence can be traded separately. [11] The underlying asset does not have to be acquired.
As above, these methods can solve derivative pricing problems that have, in general, the same level of complexity as those problems solved by tree approaches, [1] but, given their relative complexity, are usually employed only when other approaches are inappropriate; an example here, being changing interest rates and / or time linked dividend policy.
C. Calendar spread; Callable bull/bear contract; Capital guarantee; Cash flow hedge; Cashflow matching; CDO-Squared; Chain of Blame; Chan–Karolyi–Longstaff–Sanders process
More generally though, simulation is employed for path dependent exotic derivatives, such as Asian options. In other cases, the source of uncertainty may be at a remove. For example, for bond options [ 3 ] the underlying is a bond , but the source of uncertainty is the annualized interest rate (i.e. the short rate ).
A short-term interest rate (STIR) future is a futures contract that derives its value from the interest rate at maturation. Common short-term interest rate futures are Eurodollar, Euribor, Euroyen, Short Sterling and Euroswiss, which are calculated on LIBOR at settlement, with the exception of Euribor which is based on Euribor and Euroyen which is based on TIBOR.
A Credit valuation adjustment (CVA), [a] in financial mathematics, is an "adjustment" to a derivative's price, as charged by a bank to a counterparty to compensate it for taking on the credit risk of that counterparty during the life of the transaction. "CVA" can refer more generally to several related concepts, as delineated aside.
This is heavily used in the pricing of financial derivatives due to the fundamental theorem of asset pricing, which implies that in a complete market, a derivative's price is the discounted expected value of the future payoff under the unique risk-neutral measure. [1] Such a measure exists if and only if the market is arbitrage-free.