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The convolution of two finite sequences is defined by extending the sequences to finitely supported functions on the set of integers. When the sequences are the coefficients of two polynomials, then the coefficients of the ordinary product of the two polynomials are the convolution of the original two
In signal processing, multidimensional discrete convolution refers to the mathematical operation between two functions f and g on an n-dimensional lattice that produces a third function, also of n-dimensions. Multidimensional discrete convolution is the discrete analog of the multidimensional convolution of functions on Euclidean space.
Multiplication of two matrices is defined if and only if the number of columns of the left matrix is the same as the number of rows of the right matrix. If A is an m×n matrix and B is an n×p matrix, then their matrix product AB is the m×p matrix whose entries are given by dot product of the corresponding row of A and the corresponding column ...
is how one would use Fortran to create arrays from the even and odd entries of an array. Another common use of vectorized indices is a filtering operation. Consider a clipping operation of a sine wave where amplitudes larger than 0.5 are to be set to 0.5. Using S-Lang, this can be done by y = sin(x); y[where(abs(y)>0.5)] = 0.5;
Matrices of the same order can be added by adding the corresponding elements. Two matrices can be multiplied, the condition being that the number of columns of the first matrix is equal to the number of rows of the second matrix. Hence, if an m × n matrix is multiplied with an n × r matrix, then the resultant matrix will be of the order m × ...
Pauli matrices: A set of three 2 × 2 complex Hermitian and unitary matrices. When combined with the I 2 identity matrix, they form an orthogonal basis for the 2 × 2 complex Hermitian matrices. Redheffer matrix: Encodes a Dirichlet convolution. Matrix entries are given by the divisor function; entires of the inverse are given by the Möbius ...
A vector treated as an array of numbers by writing as a row vector or column vector (whichever is used depends on convenience or context): = (), = Index notation allows indication of the elements of the array by simply writing a i, where the index i is known to run from 1 to n, because of n-dimensions. [1]
The set of Toeplitz matrices is a subspace of the vector space of matrices (under matrix addition and scalar multiplication). Two Toeplitz matrices may be added in O ( n ) {\displaystyle O(n)} time (by storing only one value of each diagonal) and multiplied in O ( n 2 ) {\displaystyle O(n^{2})} time.