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They compared the thoughts and behaviors of the most important figures in the Bible, such as Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Paul, [78] with patients affected by mental disorders related to the psychotic spectrum using different clusters of disorders and diagnostic criteria , [79] and concluded that these Biblical figures "may have had psychotic ...
The causes of schizophrenia are unclear, but it seems that genetics play a heavy role, as individuals with a family history are far more likely to suffer from schizophrenia. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] The disorder can be triggered and exacerbated by social and environmental factors, with episodes becoming more apparent in periods of high stress .
Examples from a 295-subject study in Lithuania showed that the most common religious delusions were being a saint (in women) and being God (in men). [25] In one study of 193 people who had previously been admitted to hospital and subsequently diagnosed with schizophrenia, 24% were found to have religious delusions. [10]
It is the type of religious delusion that is classified as grandiose while the other two categories are persecutory and belittled. [4] According to philosopher Antony Flew , an example of this type of delusion was the case of Paul , who declared that God spoke to him, telling him that he would serve as a conduit for people to change. [ 5 ]
Jerusalem syndrome has previously been regarded as a form of hysteria, referred to as "fièvre Jérusalemienne ". [4] It was first clinically described in the 1930s by Jerusalem psychiatrist Heinz Hermann, one of the founders of modern psychiatric research in Israel . [ 5 ]
Based on these histories (about which doubts exist) he has been suspected of psychotic or paranoid delusions. [3] [4] Commodus (161–192, ruled 177–192) succeeded his father Marcus Aurelius at the age of 19. He left government to different advisors during most of his reign, preferring to impress the public as a gladiator.
The Three Christs of Ypsilanti was first published in 1964. Rokeach came to think that his research had been manipulative and unethical, and he offered an apology in the afterword of the 1984 edition of the book: "I really had no right, even in the name of science, to play God and interfere round the clock with their daily lives."
Ideas of reference and delusions of reference describe the phenomenon of an individual experiencing innocuous events or mere coincidences [1] and believing they have strong personal significance. [2] It is "the notion that everything one perceives in the world relates to one's own destiny", usually in a negative and hostile manner. [3]