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  2. Ribosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome

    Eukaryotes have 80S ribosomes located in their cytosol, each consisting of a small (40S) and large (60S) subunit. Their 40S subunit has an 18S RNA (1900 nucleotides) and 33 proteins. [ 25 ] [ 26 ] The large subunit is composed of a 5S RNA (120 nucleotides), 28S RNA (4700 nucleotides), a 5.8S RNA (160 nucleotides) subunits and 49 proteins.

  3. Endoplasmic reticulum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum

    Ribosomes at this point may be released back into the cytosol; however, non-translating ribosomes are also known to stay associated with translocons. [11] The membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is in the form of large double-membrane sheets that are located near, and continuous with, the outer layer of the nuclear envelope. [12]

  4. Eukaryotic ribosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_ribosome

    Both proteins are located next to important functional centers of the ribosome: the uncleaved ubiquitin domains of eS31) and eL40 would be positioned in the decoding site and near the translation factor binding site, respectively. These positions suggest that proteolytic cleavage is an essential step in the production of functional ribosomes.

  5. Cellular compartment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_compartment

    The nucleolus within the nuclear envelope is the location of ribosome synthesis. The destination of synthesized ribosomes for protein translation is rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER), which is connected to and shares the same membrane with the nucleus. The Golgi body is also near the rough ER for packaging and redistributing. Likewise ...

  6. Membrane bound polyribosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_bound_polyribosome

    The polypeptides ribosomes produce go on to be cell structural proteins, enzymes, and many other things. [3] Ribosomes can also sometimes be associated with chloroplasts and mitochondria but these are not membrane bound. [3] The image shows a membrane-bound ribosome synthesizing a protein into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.

  7. Eukaryotic translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_translation

    The ribosome is green and yellow, the tRNAs are dark-blue, and the other proteins involved are light-blue. Elongation depends on eukaryotic elongation factors. At the end of the initiation step, the mRNA is positioned so that the next codon can be translated during the elongation stage of protein synthesis.

  8. Secretory protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretory_protein

    The production of a secretory protein starts like any other protein. The mRNA is produced and transported to the cytosol where it interacts with a free cytosolic ribosome. The part that is produced first, the N-terminal, contains a signal sequence consisting of 6 to 12 amino acids with hydrophobic side chains.

  9. Nucleoplasm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleoplasm

    Nucleoplasm is quite similar to the cytoplasm, with the main difference being that nucleoplasm is found inside the nucleus while the cytoplasm is located inside the cell, outside of the nucleus. Their ionic compositions are nearly identical due to the ion pumps and permeability of the nuclear envelope, however, the proteins in these two fluids ...