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This diagram was created with an unknown SVG tool. Rohdaten aus Ernest W. Flick: Industrial Solvents Handbook, Fifth Edition, Noyes Data Corporation (ndc), Westwood, NJ/USA, 1998, S. 252, ISBN 0-8175-1413-1 Invalid ISBN
Excess volume of the mixture of ethanol and water (volume contraction) Heat of mixing of the mixture of ethanol and water Vapor–liquid equilibrium of the mixture of ethanol and water (including azeotrope) Solid–liquid equilibrium of the mixture of ethanol and water (including eutecticum) Miscibility gap in the mixture of dodecane and ethanol
Scientific evidence reveals that water is an inhibitor for corrosion by ethanol. [6] The experiments are done with E50, which is more aggressive and speeds up the corrosion effect. It is very clear that by increasing the amount of water in fuel ethanol one can reduce corrosion. At 2% or 20,000 ppm water in the ethanol fuel the corrosion stopped.
Ethanol-water mixtures have less volume than the sum of their individual components at the given fractions. Mixing equal volumes of ethanol and water results in only 1.92 volumes of mixture. [75] [80] Mixing ethanol and water is exothermic, with up to 777 J/mol [81] being released at 298 K. Hydrogen bonding in solid ethanol at −186 °C
Cheese whey, barley, potato waste, beverage waste, and brewery and beer waste have been used as feedstocks for ethanol fuel, but at a far smaller scale than corn and sugarcane ethanol, as plants using these feedstocks have the capacity to produce only 3 to 5 million US gallons (11 × 10 ^ 3 to 19 × 10 ^ 3 m 3) per year. [92]
English: Solid - liquid phase diagram of ethanol water mixtures (melting points, freezing points) Deutsch: Fest - flüssig - Phasendiagramm von Ethanol/Wasser-Gemischen Français : Diagramme de phase solide - liquide de mélanges eau/éthanol (points de fusion, points de solidification)
The medicinal properties of ethanol were studied by Arnald of Villanova (1240–1311 CE) and John of Rupescissa (c. 1310 –1366), the latter of whom regarded it as a life-preserving substance able to prevent all diseases (the aqua vitae or "water of life", also called by John the quintessence of wine).
In this example, a mixture of 96% ethanol and 4% water boils at 78.2 °C (172.8 °F); the mixture is more volatile than pure ethanol. For this reason, ethanol cannot be completely purified by direct fractional distillation of ethanol–water mixtures. The apparatus is assembled as in the diagram. (The diagram represents a batch apparatus as ...