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An integrated classroom in Anacostia High School, Washington, D.C., in 1957. In the United States, school integration (also known as desegregation) is the process of ending race-based segregation within American public and private schools.
Prior to World War II, most public schools in the country were de jure or de facto segregated. All Southern states had Jim Crow Laws mandating racial segregation of schools. . Northern states and some border states were primarily white (in 1940, the populations of Detroit and Chicago were more than 90% white) and existing black populations were concentrated in urban ghettos partly as the ...
Initially, Catholic schools in the South generally followed the pattern of segregation in public schools, sometimes enforced by law. However, most Catholic dioceses began moving ahead of public schools to desegregate. Prior to the desegregation of public schools, St. Louis was the first city to desegregate its Catholic schools in 1947. [35]
At the time, Detroit schools were about 70% Black and suburban schools were more than 90% white. Fifty years ago, lawyers squared off before the U.S. Supreme Court in the landmark case known as ...
Her family eventually moved to New Orleans, where on Nov. 14, 1960, Bridges began attending William Frantz Elementary School, initiating the desegregation of public education in that city.
The desegregation plan did not allow any school to enroll more than 50% of any ethnic group. Originally intended to aid integration of Black students, the ruling had a negative effect on the admissions of Chinese Americans, who had become the district's largest ethnic group. The newspaper AsianWeek documented the Chinese American parents ...
In 1970, Detroit's school board passed a voluntary desegregation plan of the city's high schools, which was met with opposition from white families, sparking a walkout of white students, according ...
Transition to a fully integrated school system did not begin until 1971, after numerous local lawsuits and both nonviolent and violent demonstrations. Historians have noted the irony that Greensboro, which had heralded itself as such a progressive city, was one of the last holdouts for school desegregation. [59] [60]