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The causative organism of malaria is a protozoan, Plasmodium falciparium, that is carried by the female Anopheles mosquito. [4] Malaria is recorded as the most common disease in Sub-Saharan Africa, and some Asian countries with the highest number of deaths. [5] Studies have shown the increased prevalence of this disease since 2015. [6]
Protozoan infections are responsible for diseases that affect many different types of organisms, including plants, animals, and some marine life. Many of the most prevalent and deadly human diseases are caused by a protozoan infection, including African sleeping sickness, amoebic dysentery, and malaria.
As a protist, Plasmodium is a eukaryote of the phylum Apicomplexa. Unusual characteristics of this organism in comparison to general eukaryotes include the rhoptry, micronemes, and polar rings near the apical end. Plasmodium is known best for the infection it causes in humans, namely, malaria.
Cases of severe and complicated malaria are almost always caused by infection with P. falciparum. The other species usually cause only febrile disease. [180] Severe and complicated malaria cases are medical emergencies since mortality rates are high (10% to 50%). [181] Recommended treatment for severe malaria is the intravenous use of ...
Some of these can cause severe disease in primates, while others can remain in the host for prolonged periods without causing disease. [26] Many other mammals also carry Plasmodium species, such as a variety of rodents, ungulates, and bats. Again, some species of Plasmodium can cause severe disease in some of these hosts, while many appear not ...
Plasmodium falciparum is a unicellular protozoan parasite of humans, and the deadliest species of Plasmodium that causes malaria in humans. [2] The parasite is transmitted through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito and causes the disease's most dangerous form, falciparum malaria. P. falciparum is therefore regarded as the deadliest ...
Both protists use protein complexes similar to those that are formed by the gregarines for gliding motility and for invading target cells. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] This makes the gregarines excellent models for studying gliding motility, with the goal of developing treatment options for both toxoplasmosis and malaria.
Avian malaria is a parasitic disease of birds, caused by parasite species belonging to the genera Plasmodium and Hemoproteus (phylum Apicomplexa, class Haemosporidia, family Plasmoiidae). [1] The disease is transmitted by a dipteran vector including mosquitoes in the case of Plasmodium parasites and biting midges for Hemoproteus.