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  2. Column of Justice, Florence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_of_Justice,_Florence

    Column of Justice (Colonna della Giustizia or di Santa Trinita or della Battaglia di Montemurlo) is an ancient Roman marble Doric column re-erected by the Florentine Medici dynasty in the Renaissance as a free-standing victory monument with a porphyry statue of Justice at the top. It stands in the Piazza Santa Trinita, in central Florence, Italy.

  3. Column of Arcadius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_of_Arcadius

    The column and forum of Arcadius were on the Seventh Hill of Constantinople, also known as the Xerolophos (Greek Ξηρόλοφος). [2] [3] The column's construction was begun after 401 to commemorate Arcadius's triumph over the Goths under the renegade magister militum Gainas in the wars of 399–401. [1]

  4. Architecture of Rome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Rome

    The Colosseum. During the Roman Republic, most Roman buildings were made of concrete and bricks, but ever since about 100 BC and the Roman Empire, marble and gold were more widely used as decoration themes in the architecture of Rome, especially in temples, palaces, fora and public buildings in general. [1]

  5. Carrara marble - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrara_marble

    Carrara marble, or Luna marble (marmor lunense) to the Romans, is a type of white or blue-grey marble popular for use in sculpture and building decor. It has been quarried since Roman times in the mountains just outside the city of Carrara in the province of Massa and Carrara in the Lunigiana , the northernmost tip of modern-day Tuscany , Italy.

  6. Column of Justinian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_of_Justinian

    The column was made of brick, and covered with brass plaques. [3] The column stood on a marble pedestal of seven steps, and was topped by a colossal bronze equestrian statue of the emperor in triumphal attire (the "dress of Achilles" as Procopius calls it), wearing an antique-style muscle cuirass, a plumed helmet of peacock feathers (the toupha), holding a globus cruciger on his left hand and ...

  7. Spolia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spolia

    Pragmatic readings emphasize the utility of re-used materials: if there is a good supply of old marble columns available, for example, there is no need to produce new ones. The two approaches are not mutually exclusive, and there is certainly no one approach that can account for all instances of spoliation, as each instance must be evaluated ...

  8. Cipollino marble - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipollino_marble

    Cipollino marble ("onion-stone") was a variety of marble used by the ancient Greeks and Romans, whose Latin term for it was marmor carystium (meaning "marble from Karystos"). It was quarried in several locations on the south-west coast of the Greek island of Euboea , between the modern-day cities of Styra and Karystos .

  9. Column of Marcus Aurelius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_of_Marcus_Aurelius

    The Column of Marcus Aurelius (Latin: Columna Centenaria Divorum Marci et Faustinae, Italian: Colonna di Marco Aurelio) is a Roman victory column in Piazza Colonna, Rome, Italy. It is a Doric column featuring a spiral relief: it was built in honour of Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius and modeled on Trajan's Column. The Imperial Monument is ...