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Exotic hadrons are subatomic particles composed of quarks and gluons, but which – unlike "well-known" hadrons such as protons, neutrons and mesons – consist of more than three valence quarks. By contrast, "ordinary" hadrons contain just two or three quarks. Hadrons with explicit valence gluon content would also be considered exotic. [1]
An experiment was conducted using diquarks in an attempt to study the Λ and Σ baryons that are produced in the creation of hadrons created by fast-moving quarks. In the experiment the quarks ionized the vacuum area. This produced the quark–antiquark pairs, which then converted themselves into mesons. When generating a baryon by assembling ...
All quarks are assigned a baryon number of 1 / 3 . Up, charm and top quarks have an electric charge of + 2 / 3 , while the down, strange, and bottom quarks have an electric charge of − 1 / 3 . Antiquarks have the opposite quantum numbers. Quarks are spin- 1 / 2 particles, and thus fermions. Each quark or antiquark ...
QCD predicts that quarks and antiquarks bind into particles called mesons. Another type of hadron is called a baryon, that is made of three quarks. There is good experimental evidence for both mesons and baryons. Potentially QCD also has bound states of just gluons called glueballs.
The strange quark or s quark (from its symbol, s) is the third lightest of all quarks, a type of elementary particle. Strange quarks are found in subatomic particles called hadrons. Examples of hadrons containing strange quarks include kaons (K), strange D mesons (D s), Sigma baryons (Σ), and other strange particles.
A proton, the only baryon stable in isolation, has two up quarks and one down quark, confined via the exchange of gluons.. Baryons are composite particles made of three quarks, as opposed to mesons, which are composite particles made of one quark and one antiquark.
The exact specific u and d quark composition determines the charge, as u quarks carry charge + 2 / 3 while d quarks carry charge − 1 / 3 . For example, the four Deltas all have different charges (Δ ++ (uuu), Δ + (uud), Δ 0 (udd), Δ − (ddd)), but have similar masses (~1,232 MeV/c 2) as they are each made of a combination ...
The pattern of strong charges for the three colors of quark, three antiquarks, and eight gluons (with two of zero charge overlapping). Quarks are massive spin-1 ⁄ 2 fermions that carry a color charge whose gauging is the content of QCD. Quarks are represented by Dirac fields in the fundamental representation 3 of the gauge group SU(3).