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  2. Chromatic aberration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatic_aberration

    The focal length for light at other visible wavelengths will be similar but not exactly equal to this. Chromatic aberration is used during a duochrome eye test to ensure that a correct lens power has been selected. The patient is confronted with red and green images and asked which is sharper.

  3. Heliotropism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliotropism

    Heliotropism, a form of tropism, is the diurnal or seasonal motion of plant parts (flowers or leaves) in response to the direction of the Sun. The habit of some plants to move in the direction of the Sun, a form of tropism, was already known by the Ancient Greeks. They named one of those plants after that property Heliotropium, meaning "sun turn".

  4. Aerial photographic and satellite image interpretation

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerial_photographic_and...

    But some artificial objects which are covered in green may have a blue color. [2] This phenomenon is due to the fact that plants reflect more infrared radiation (IR) than man-made objects. [2] Dense vegetation cover may give a more intense red color than that of sparse vegetation cover. This helps in determining whether the trees are healthy or ...

  5. Distortion (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distortion_(optics)

    In geometric optics, distortion is a deviation from rectilinear projection; a projection in which straight lines in a scene remain straight in an image.It is a form of optical aberration that may be distinguished from other aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma, chromatic aberration, field curvature, and astigmatism in a sense that these impact the image sharpness without changing an ...

  6. Atmospheric optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_optics

    The reddish color of the Sun when it is observed through a thick atmosphere, as during a sunrise or sunset. This is because long-wavelength (red) light is scattered less than blue light. The red light reaches the observer's eye, whereas the blue light is scattered out of the line of sight. Other colours in the sky, such as glowing skies at dusk ...

  7. Mirage of astronomical objects - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirage_of_astronomical_objects

    The upper rim of the Sun is green while the lower rim is red in this image taken as the Sun sets behind the Golden Gate Bridge. As an astronomical object sets or rises, the light it emits travels through the atmosphere , which works as a prism separating the light into different colors.

  8. Atmospheric refraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_refraction

    Diagram showing displacement of the Sun's image at sunrise and sunset Comparison of inferior and superior mirages due to differing air refractive indices, n. Atmospheric refraction is the deviation of light or other electromagnetic wave from a straight line as it passes through the atmosphere due to the variation in air density as a function of height. [1]

  9. Aureole effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aureole_effect

    The effect extends a greater angular distance from the viewer's shadow when the viewer is higher above the water, and can sometimes be seen from a plane. [1] Although the focused (light) ray cones are actually more or less parallel to each other, the rays from the aureole effect appear to be radiating from the shadow of the viewer’s head due ...