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Spindle nose on a lathe headstock. The small female taper is a Morse taper to take a lathe center or a tool such as a twist drill. The large male taper takes a lathe chuck, which is retained by the large nut. A machine taper is a system for securing cutting tools or toolholders in the spindle of a machine tool or power tool.
The Morse taper is a common machine taper frequently used in drills, lathes and small milling machines. Chucks for drilling usually use a Morse taper and can be removed to accommodate Morse taper drill bits. Morse taper collet sets usually employ ER collets in an adaptor to suit the Morse taper.
11/32 inch drills: long-series Morse, plain Morse, jobber. The image shows a long-series drill compared to its diametric equivalents, all are 11 ⁄ 32 inch (8.7313 mm) in diameter. The equivalent Morse taper drill shown in the middle is of the usual length for a taper-shank drill. The lower drill bit is the jobber or parallel shank equivalent.
The Morse taper twist drill bits pictured right are used in metalworking. The full range of tapers is from 0 to 7. The Morse taper allows the bit to be mounted directly into the spindle of a drill, lathe tailstock, or (with the use of adapters) into the spindle of milling machines. It is a self-locking (or self holding) taper of approximately 5 ...
A taper pin is a self tightening device due to the shallow angle of the taper. They may be driven into the tapered hole such that removal can only be done with a hammer and punch. They are sized by a number sequence (for example, a No.4 reamer would use No.4 taper pins).
For example, the self-releasing NMTB/Cat taper is 3.5/12, which is only 16.5943° cone angle (8.2971°per side) (pictures available by typing "NMTB taper" into images.google.com). If one of the questions is "how did Morse know what degree of taper would produce self-holding rather than self-releasing", the answer is undoubtedly simple "cut and ...
A form of taper pin that precedes these standards is the clock pin, used to accurately and repeatably register parts of a clock to one another. Clock pins do not have a standardised taper, but they generally have a more pronounced taper than the standard engineering pins. The size or gauge is defined by diameter at each end, and the length.
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