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Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) bloom on Lake Erie (United States) in 2009. These kinds of algae can cause harmful algal bloom. A harmful algal bloom (HAB), or excessive algae growth, is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts to other organisms by production of natural algae-produced toxins, water deoxygenation, mechanical damage to other organisms, or by other means.
Like true algae, cyanobacteria are photosynthetic and contain photosynthetic pigments, which is why they are usually green or blue. Cyanobacteria are found almost everywhere; in oceans, lakes and rivers as well as on land. They flourish in Arctic and Antarctic lakes, [23] hotsprings [24] and wastewater treatment plants. [25]
List of childhood diseases and disorders; List of endocrine diseases; List of eponymous diseases; List of eye diseases and disorders; List of intestinal diseases; List of infectious diseases; List of human disease case fatality rates; List of notifiable diseases - diseases that should be reported to public health services, e.g., hospitals ...
The fecal–oral route is a disease transmission pathway for waterborne diseases. [citation needed] Poverty also increases the risk of communities to be affected by waterborne diseases. For example, the economic level of a community impacts their ability to have access to clean water. [7]
Algae include single-celled eukaryotes that are generally non-pathogenic. Green algae from the genus Prototheca lack chlorophyll and are known to cause the disease protothecosis in humans, dogs, cats, and cattle, typically involving the soil-associated species Prototheca wickerhamii. [11] [12] [13]
As this plant pathogen is an algal species, it thrives under similar conditions as other algal organisms. Cephaleuros virescens prefers moist, humid weather. Areas with frequent rain, and warm to high temperatures are where this pathogen flourishes.
Members of the genus Prototheca are the most common algae that leads to algaemia. Prototheca and Chlorella, which is extremely rare, are the only two known algae genera capable of inflicting disease on mammals, including humans, through invasion of host tissue. [1]
Protozoan infections are responsible for diseases that affect many different types of organisms, including plants, animals, and some marine life. Many of the most prevalent and deadly human diseases are caused by a protozoan infection, including African sleeping sickness, amoebic dysentery, and malaria.