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The Rock in 1890 Monaco in 2011 Monaco in 1848, before it gave up areas to France. The early history of Monaco is primarily concerned with the protective and strategic value of the Rock of Monaco, the area's chief geological landmark, which served first as a shelter for ancient peoples and later as a fortress.
François Grimaldi was the leader of a group of Genoese that seized the Rock of Monaco. His cousin Rainier was the first Grimaldi ruler of the area now known as Monaco. Rainier I, Lord of Cagnes (1267–1314) Under Genoese control from 10 April 1301 to 12 September 1331 Lords of Monaco: Charles I (?–1357) 12 September 1331 15 August 1357
Monaco and the neighbouring County of Nice were taken by the revolutionary army in 1792, and were French-controlled until 1815. Nice passed back to the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1815; then it was ceded to France by the Treaty of Turin (1860). Monaco was re-established by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, with a brief Italian occupation in 1940–43.
Monaco, [a] officially the Principality of Monaco, [b] is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Liguria, in Western Europe, on the Mediterranean Sea. It is a semi-enclave bordered by France to the north, east and west.
Monaco has been ruled by the House of Grimaldi since 1297. From 1793 until 1814, Monaco was under French control; the Congress of Vienna designated Monaco as being a protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1815 until 1860, when the Treaty of Turin ceded the surrounding counties of Nice and Savoy to France.
Monaco history-related lists (5 P) Monuments and memorials in Monaco (3 P) D. Defunct organisations based in Monaco (1 C) E. Historical events in Monaco (6 C, 2 P) G.
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CIA Factbook Entry for Monaco; History of Monaco: Primary documents (in French) Order of the doctors of Monaco (in French) La Principauti - The first monthly newspaper of Monaco, available also on line in 3D version "Official Statistical Report 2006 (with detailed information about the 10 wards)" (PDF) (in French). (1.24 MiB)