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Simple harmonic motion can be considered the one-dimensional projection of uniform circular motion. If an object moves with angular speed ω around a circle of radius r centered at the origin of the xy-plane, then its motion along each coordinate is simple harmonic motion with amplitude r and angular frequency ω.
The motion is periodic, repeating itself in a sinusoidal fashion with constant amplitude A. In addition to its amplitude, the motion of a simple harmonic oscillator is characterized by its period = /, the time for a single oscillation or its frequency = /, the number of cycles per unit time.
Harmonic motion can mean: the displacement of the particle executing oscillatory motion that can be expressed in terms of sine or cosine functions known as harmonic motion . The motion of a Harmonic oscillator (in physics), which can be: Simple harmonic motion; Complex harmonic motion; Keplers laws of planetary motion (in physics, known as the ...
The systems where the restoring force on a body is directly proportional to its displacement, such as the dynamics of the spring-mass system, are described mathematically by the simple harmonic oscillator and the regular periodic motion is known as simple harmonic motion.
The restoring force is often referred to in simple harmonic motion. The force responsible for restoring original size and shape is called the restoring force. [1] [2] An example is the action of a spring. An idealized spring exerts a force proportional to the amount of deformation of the spring from its equilibrium length, exerted in a ...
The Hooke's atom is a simple model of the helium atom using the quantum harmonic oscillator. Modelling phonons, as discussed above. A charge q {\displaystyle q} with mass m {\displaystyle m} in a uniform magnetic field B {\displaystyle \mathbf {B} } is an example of a one-dimensional quantum harmonic oscillator: Landau quantization .
To see an example where Liouville's theorem does not apply, we can modify the equations of motion for the simple harmonic oscillator to account for the effects of friction or damping. Consider again the system of N {\displaystyle N} particles each in a 3 {\displaystyle 3} -dimensional isotropic harmonic potential, the Hamiltonian for which is ...
Is the case where = corresponds to the undamped simple harmonic oscillator, and in that case the solution looks like (), as expected. This case is extremely rare in the natural world with the closest examples being cases where friction was purposefully reduced to minimal values.