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The Romans used lead glazes for high-quality oil lamps and drinking cups. [2] At the same time in China, green-glazed pottery dating back to the Han period (25–220 AD) gave rise eventually to the sancai ('three-color') Tang dynasty ceramics, where the white clay body was coated with coloured glazes and fired at a temperature of 800 degrees C ...
Sancai is a type of lead-glazed earthenware: lead oxide was the principal flux in the glaze, often mixed with quartz in the proportion of 3:1. [6] The polychrome effect was obtained by using as colouring agents copper (which turns green), iron (which turns brownish yellow), and less often manganese and cobalt (which turns blue).
Most surviving Iranian blue and white ware are bowls with narrow foot-rings and some distinctive shapes of Chinese blue and white wares like a high-shouldered vase known as meiping in China. Chinese porcelain of the 14th or 15th century was transmitted to the Middle East and the Near East , and especially to the Ottoman Empire either through ...
Genuine famille noire wares were made in the Kangxi era, although some clobbered wares had the black added to famille verte porcelain in the 19th century. They may have a copper-green lead-based enamel painted over dry black cobalt ground on the biscuit, and a transparent green glaze was then applied, giving it a near-iridescent appearance.
Maiolica charger from Faenza, after which faience is named, c. 1555; diameter 43 cm, tin-glazed earthenware Tin-glazed (majolica/maiolica) plate from Faenza, Italy. Tin-glazed pottery is earthenware covered in lead glaze with added tin oxide [1] which is white, shiny and opaque (see tin-glazing for the chemistry); usually this provides a background for brightly painted decoration.
Blue and white ware did not accord with Chinese taste at that time, the early Ming work Gegu Yaolun (格古要論) in fact described blue as well as multi-coloured wares as "exceedingly vulgar". [16] Blue and white porcelain however came back to prominence in the 15th century with the Xuande Emperor, and again developed from that time on. [14]
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There is a blue and white Jingdezhen stem cup, that has a silver stand and a gold cover (this dated 1437), all decorated with dragons. Presumably many such sets existed, but recycling the precious metal elements was too tempting at some point, leaving only the porcelain cups. [ 15 ]
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related to: lead in dishes from china plates and cups called blue and black