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True open-access journals can be split into two categories: diamond or platinum open-access journals, which charge no additional publication, open access or article processing fees; gold open-access journals, which charge publication fees (also called article processing charges, APCs).
The network founded in early 2018 in order to promote free, open access journals, [2] [3] a publishing model that is sometimes called diamond or platinum open access. [4] Such journals are typically smaller than equivalent commercial journals (often supported by academic societies). [5]
A 2013-2018 report (GOA4) found that in 2018 over 700,000 articles were published in gold open access in the world, of which 42% was in journals with no author-paid fees. [77] The figure varies significantly depending on region and kind of publisher: 75% if university-run, over 80% in Latin America, but less than 25% in Western Europe. [77]
Article processing fees for journals indexed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (2019). Journals use a variety of ways to generate the income required to cover publishing costs (including editorial costs, any costs of administering the peer review system), such as subsidies from institutions [7] and subscriptions.
Notwithstanding the substantial cleanup, the number of journals included in DOAJ has continued to grow, to reach 14,299 as of 3 March 2020. [7] As of December 2022, [update] the independent database contains more than 18,650 open access journals and 8,265,272 articles covering all areas of science, technology, medicine, social sciences and the ...
The OA Diamond Study finds that the 10,194 journals without publication fees registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals published 356,000 articles (8–9% of all scholarly articles) per year from 2017 to 2019 instead of 453,000 articles (10–11%) published by 3,919 commercial journals with APCs. [15]
The terms "free", "subscription", and "free & subscription" will refer to the availability of the website as well as the journal articles used. Furthermore, some programs are only partly free (for example, accessing abstracts or a small number of items), whereas complete access is prohibited (login or institutional subscription required).
Submitted articles are subjected to peer review by external experts before publication of an indexed, citable, stable version in the journal, and an editable version in Wikipedia. They are wholly free, offering open access to readers and charging no publication fee to authors ( diamond open access ). [ 22 ]