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Cosmology (from Ancient Greek κόσμος (cosmos) 'the universe, the world' and λογία (logia) 'study of') is a branch of physics and metaphysics dealing with the nature of the universe, the cosmos.
The basic definition of Cosmology is the science of the origin and development of the universe. In modern astronomy, the Big Bang theory is the dominant postulation. Philosophy of cosmology is an expanding discipline, directed to the conceptual foundations of cosmology and the philosophical contemplation of the universe as a totality.
In standard cosmology, comoving distance and proper distance (or physical distance) are two closely related distance measures used by cosmologists to define distances between objects. Comoving distance factors out the expansion of the universe , giving a distance that does not change in time except due to local factors, such as the motion of a ...
A cosmological horizon is a measure of the distance from which one could possibly retrieve information. [1] This observable constraint is due to various properties of general relativity, the expanding universe, and the physics of Big Bang cosmology.
Cosmology is a branch of astronomy that studies the universe as a whole. Astronomy is one of the oldest natural sciences. The early civilizations in recorded history made methodical observations of the night sky. These include the Egyptians, Babylonians, Greeks, Indians, Chinese, Maya, and many ancient indigenous peoples of the Americas.
[6] [7] [8] The cosmological constant Λ is the simplest possible explanation for dark energy, and is used in the standard model of cosmology known as the ΛCDM model. According to quantum field theory (QFT), which underlies modern particle physics, empty space is defined by the vacuum state, which is composed of a collection of quantum fields.
Physical cosmology is a branch of cosmology concerned with the study of cosmological models. A cosmological model , or simply cosmology , provides a description of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the universe and allows study of fundamental questions about its origin , structure, evolution , and ultimate fate . [ 1 ]
In physical cosmology, cosmic inflation, cosmological inflation, or just inflation, is a theory of exponential expansion of space in the very early universe.Following the inflationary period, the universe continued to expand, but at a slower rate.