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The Twenty-second Amendment (Amendment XXII) to the United States Constitution limits the number of times a person can be elected to the office of President of the United States to two terms, and sets additional eligibility conditions for presidents who succeed to the unexpired terms of their predecessors. [1]
The only amendment to be ratified through this method thus far is the Twenty-first Amendment in 1933. That amendment is also the only one that explicitly repeals an earlier one, the Eighteenth Amendment (ratified in 1919), establishing the prohibition of alcohol. [4] Congress has also enacted statutes governing the constitutional amendment process.
Section 2 provides a mechanism for filling a vacancy in the vice presidency. Before the Twenty-fifth Amendment, a vice-presidential vacancy continued until a new vice president took office at the start of the next presidential term; the vice presidency had become vacant several times due to death, resignation, or succession to the presidency, and these vacancies had often lasted several years.
The Twelfth Amendment requires the Senate to choose between the candidates with the "two highest numbers" of electoral votes. If multiple individuals are tied for second place, the Senate may consider them all. The Twelfth Amendment introduced a quorum requirement of two-thirds of the whole number of senators for the conduct of balloting.
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The first ten amendments were ratified in December 1791. The Eleventh Amendment was ratified in 1795 and the Twelfth in 1804. Amendment XII is about the election of president and vice president (VP).
[d] The bill got only a bare majority (227–204), falling short of the two-thirds majority (290) needed for constitutional amendments. [33] Three other term limit amendment bills failed to get more than 200 votes. [e] Defeated in Congress and overridden by the Supreme Court, the federal term limit movement was brought to a halt.
Proponents of the new amendment explained that their purpose was to “make it harder for lawmakers to — at some later time — legalize physician-assisted suicide in the state.”