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Dresden Venus (c. 1510–11), traditionally attributed to Giorgione but for which Titian completed at least the landscape.. The Venus of Urbino (also known as Reclining Venus) [1] is an oil painting by Italian painter Titian, depicting a nude young woman, traditionally identified with the goddess Venus, reclining on a couch or bed in the sumptuous surroundings of a Renaissance palace.
Forerunners include Titian's various depictions of Venus, such as Venus and Cupid with a Partridge, Venus and Cupid with an Organist and notably the Venus of Urbino; Palma il Vecchio's Reclining Nude; and Giorgione's Sleeping Venus, [24] all of which show the deity reclining on luxurious textiles, although in landscape settings in the latter ...
Titian's Venus of Urbino, c. 1534, Uffizi, largely the same pose in reverse Venus and Cupid with Dog and Partridge, mostly Titian's workshop, c. 1555, Uffizi. The painting is the final development of Titian's compositions with a reclining female nude in the Venetian style.
Jupiter and Antiope, detail of Titian's Pardo Venus. According to the usual account, the painting was unfinished at the time of Giorgione's death. The landscape and sky were later finished by Titian, who in 1534 painted the similar Venus of Urbino, and several other reclining female nudes, such as his much repeated Venus and Musician and Danaë compositions, both from the 1540s onwards.
Titian's reclining Venus of Urbino (1538), with a lapdog on the right, balancing the face on the left, is an erotic work. Although pre-figured by the Sleeping Venus (completed by Titian after Giorgione's death in 1510) Titian is credited with establishing the reclining female nude as an important subgenre in art.
Titian's Venus of Urbino, on the other hand, was painted for the pleasure of the Duke of Urbino, and as in Botticelli's Birth of Venus, painted for a member of the Medici family, the model looks directly at the viewer. The model may very well have been the mistress of the client. Venus of Urbino is not simply a body beautiful in its own right.
The concept of Geminae Veneres or "Twin Venuses", a dual nature in Venus, was well developed in both classical thought and Renaissance Neoplatonism. In 1969 the scholar Erwin Panofsky suggested the two figures were representations of the 'Twin Venuses' with the clothed figure representing the 'earthly' Venus - (Venere Vulgare), while the other ...
Venus and Adonis, the next to be painted, was designed to be viewed alongside Danaë, although not of the same size. [25] Titian explained in a letter to Philip that the two paintings would offer contrasting front and rear views of a nude Venus, thus allowing painting to compete with sculpture. [26]