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Schistosomiasis, also known as snail fever, bilharzia, and Katayama fever, [1] [2] [9] is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms called schistosomes. [5] The urinary tract or the intestines may be infected. [5] Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, or blood in the urine. [5]
The parasite, as the cause of bladder cancer, is declared by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as Group 1 carcinogen. The infection is known by an eponymous term bilharzia or bilharziasis, as well as by schistosomiasis. Bilharz was born and educated in Sigmaringen, Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Germany.
It is found in Africa and the Middle East. It is the major agent of schistosomiasis, the most prevalent parasitic infection in humans. [1] It is the only blood fluke that infects the urinary tract, causing urinary schistosomiasis, and is the leading cause of bladder cancer (only next to tobacco smoking). [2] [3] The diseases are caused by the eggs.
Swimmer's itch was known to exist as early as the 19th century, but it was not until 1928 that a biologist found that the dermatitis was caused by the larval stage of a group of flatworm parasites in the family Schistosomatidae. [7] The genera most commonly associated with swimmer's itch in humans are Trichobilharzia [4] and Gigantobilharzia.
S. haematobium causes urinary schistosomiasis, so eggs will be shed in the urine; S. mansoni and S. intercalatum reside in the mesenteric venous plexus, so eggs will be shed in the feces. [5] Looking at the stool specimen under a microscope, the species can be distinguished; S. intercalatum eggs have a terminal spine (as seen in the figure ...
Even an oyster shot — containing one oyster and a spirit, often vodka — won’t eliminate vibrio bacteria, because, like chicken, the pathogens are deep in the food’s tissue.
Clinical symptoms are caused by the eggs. As the leading cause of schistosomiasis in the world, it is the most prevalent parasite in humans. It is classified as a neglected tropical disease. As of 2021, the World Health Organization reports that 251.4 million people have schistosomiasis and most of it is due to S. mansoni. [1]
According to the Florida Department of Public Health, there have been a record 65 infections this year caused by Vibrio vulnificus — a species of bacteria found in warm, brackish water ...