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1st conjugation: amātus sum (rarely amātus fuī) 'I was loved' 2nd conjugation: vīsus sum (vīsus fuī) 3rd conjugation (-ō): ductus sum (ductus fuī) 3rd conjugation (-iō): captus sum (captus fuī) 4th conjugation: audītus sum (auditus fuī) The forms with fuī are much less common. These forms are discussed in a separate section below.
The perfect passive is usually made with the perfect participle combined with sum, e.g. missus sum 'I was sent, I have been sent', ductus sum 'I was led, I have been led'. Some perfect tenses have an irregular stem, for example sum, fuī 'I am', eō, īvī 'I go', ferō, tulī 'I bring, I bear', tollō, sustulī 'I raise, I remove'.
The most frequent of these is the verb sum, esse "to be" together with its prefixed derivatives. There also exist deponent Latin verbs, which though active in meaning have endings identical to the passive endings of ordinary verbs.
There are three secondary pasts in Latin: 1. the simple secondary past is realised by verbs with perfectum aspect such as fēcerō, fēcī, fēceram; 2. the compound secondary past with "sum" is realised by the periphrasis factus + ero, sum, eram or fuī; and 3. the compound secondary past with "habeō" is realised by the periphrasis factum ...
Latin word order is relatively free. The verb may be found at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a sentence; an adjective may precede or follow its noun (vir bonus or bonus vir both mean 'a good man'); [5] and a genitive may precede or follow its noun ('the enemies' camp' can be both hostium castra and castra hostium; the latter is more common). [6]
de bene esse: as well done: In law, a de bene esse deposition is used to preserve the testimony of a witness who is expected not to be available to appear at trial and be cross-examined. de bonis asportatis: carrying goods away: In law, trespass de bonis asportatis was the traditional name for larceny, i.e., the unlawful theft of chattels ...
This is a list of Latin words with derivatives in English (and other modern languages). Ancient orthography did not distinguish between i and j or between u and v. [1] Many modern works distinguish u from v but not i from j. In this article, both distinctions are shown as they are helpful when tracing the origin of English words.
The perfect periphrasis is composed of the sum auxiliary and a perfect participle such as ductus, ducta, ductum or by the īrī auxiliary and a supine such as ductum. The auxiliary varies according to the speech role and number of the subject. ego : ā Caesare : ductus sum = I : was led : by Caesar