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Indian alchemists and Chinese alchemists made contributions to Eastern varieties of the art. Alchemy is still practiced today by a few, and alchemist characters still appear in recent fictional works and video games. Many alchemists are known from the thousands of surviving alchemical manuscripts and books. Some of their names are listed below.
Mary the Jewess – First Western alchemist (1st century) [6] Menander – First century Samaritan Gnostic; Moses – Prophet in Abrahamic religions [7] Moses of Alexandria – Early alchemist; Nigidius Figulus – Roman philosopher and writer; Ostanes – Pen-name used by several pseudo-anonymous authors of Greek and Latin works of alchemy
The first alchemist whose name we know was Mary the Jewess (c. 200 A.D.). [118] Early sources claim that Mary (or Maria) devised a number of improvements to alchemical equipment and tools as well as novel techniques in chemistry. [118] Her best known advances were in heating and distillation processes.
Karl Friedrich Mohr (1806–1879), German chemist famous for first musings on the Conservation of energy; Henri Moissan (1852–1907), French chemist and the winner of the 1906 Nobel Prize in Chemistry; Mario J. Molina (1943–2020), 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry; Jacques Monod (1910–1976), biochemist, winner of Nobel Prize in Physiology or ...
Azoth – initially this referred to a supposed universal solvent but later became another name for Mercury. Bitumen – highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum. Blende; Brimstone – sulfur; Flowers of sulfur – formed by distilling sulfur. Caustic potash/caustic wood alkali – potassium hydroxide, formed by adding lime to potash.
Fictional alchemists, practitioners of alchemy. Alchemy was an ancient branch of natural philosophy, a philosophical and protoscientific tradition that was historically practiced in China, India, the Muslim world, and Europe. Alchemists attempted to purify, mature, and perfect certain materials.
Robert Boyle FRS [2] (/ b ɔɪ l /; 25 January 1627 – 31 December 1691) was an Anglo-Irish [3] natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, alchemist and inventor. Boyle is largely regarded today as the first modern chemist, and therefore one of the founders of modern chemistry, and one of the pioneers of modern experimental scientific method.
Zosimos of Panopolis (Greek: Ζώσιμος ὁ Πανοπολίτης; also known by the Latin name Zosimus Alchemista, i.e. "Zosimus the Alchemist") was an alchemist and Gnostic mystic. He was born in Panopolis (present day Akhmim, in the south of Roman Egypt), and likely flourished ca. 300. [2]