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About 300 psychiatric hospitals, known at the time as insane asylums or colloquially as “loony bins” or “nuthouses,” were constructed in the United States before 1900. [1] Asylum architecture is notable for the way similar floor plans were built in a wide range of architectural styles. [2]
The United States housed 150,000 patients in mental hospitals by 1904. Germany housed more than 400 public and private sector asylums. [ 51 ] These asylums were critical to the evolution of psychiatry as they provided places of practice throughout the world.
Category: Psychiatric hospitals in the United States by state. 1 language.
These asylums tended to become large, imposing, Victorian-era institutional buildings within extensive surrounding grounds which often included farmland. By 1900 the notion of "building-as-cure" was largely discredited, and in the following decades these facilities became too expensive to maintain.
Kansas Hospital for the Insane, which was also known as the State Insane Asylum or the State Lunatic Asylum, officially opened on November 1, 1866 and admitted it first patient on November 5 of that year. The first building was a small, two-story renovated farmhouse called "The Lodge" and housed only 10–12 patients. Dr.
The newly built, state-funded hospital opened as the Oregon State Insane Asylum on October 23, 1883, and was constructed based on the Kirkbride Plan for a total of $184,000 (equivalent to $6,016,800 in 2023). [12] Its architecture is Italianate in style, and was designed by W.F. Boothby. [12] Dr.
Print of the McLean Asylum in 1853, in Somerville MA. Map of the McLean Insane Asylum from an 1884 atlas of Somerville, Massachusetts. McLean was founded in 1811 in a section of Charlestown, Massachusetts that is now a part of Somerville, Massachusetts.
The Legislature of 1893 changed the title of state "asylums" to state "hospitals" and the lunatic asylum was renamed a state hospital. In 1896, a two-story brick pavilion was built and the hospital became one of the first to care specifically for people with epilepsy.