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Within the group of Oriental rugs produced by the countries of the "rug belt", the Persian carpet stands out by the variety and elaborateness of its manifold designs. Persian rugs and carpets of various types were woven in parallel by nomadic tribes in village and town workshops, and by royal court manufactories alike.
Traditional dyes used for oriental rugs are obtained from plants and insects. In 1856, the English chemist William Henry Perkin invented the first aniline dye, mauveine. A variety of other synthetic dyes were invented thereafter. Cheap, readily prepared and easy to use as they were compared to natural dyes, their use is documented in oriental ...
A Shiraz carpet (Persian: قالی شیراز) is a type of Persian rug made in the villages around the city of Shiraz, in the Iranian province of Fars.. Designs tend to come from settled tribal weavers so they mimic Qashqai, Khamseh (Basseri and Khamseh Arabs), Afshar, Abadeh and Luri designs.
With the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the number of people increased in the Western world who could afford buying oriental rugs. The regions around the towns of Konya and Uşak were the traditional centers of carpet manufacturing in the Ottoman Empire. Until 1870–1880, about 75% of all carpets exported to Western Europe were ...
The first World Oriental Carpet Exhibition in 1891 in Vienna and another one in London in 1892 created a rising demand for Persian rugs in the west. Companies such as the British-Italian Nearco Castelli Brothers and the Eastern Rug Trading Company of New York established their branches in 1909 in Tabriz and later in Kerman .
The most typical for this school are rugs and carpets grouped under the common name "Lachak turanj". In the middle of the center field and in the corners of the carpet ("lachak")(Persian: لچک triangle) there are "turanj"(Persian: ترنج Citron). The turanj in the center of the carpet is a symbol of the Moon, and the pattern formed by ...
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