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Nabonidus (Babylonian cuneiform: Nabû-naʾid, [2] [3] meaning "May Nabu be exalted" [3] or "Nabu is praised") [4] was the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, ruling from 556 BC to the fall of Babylon to the Achaemenian Empire under Cyrus the Great in 539 BC.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 14 November 2024. This article is about the Babylonian prince. For other uses, see Belshazzar (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Belteshazzar, the Babylonian name of the prophet Daniel. Crown prince of Babylon Belshazzar Crown prince of Babylon The Nabonidus Chronicle, an ancient Babylonian text ...
Subsequent Babylonians appear to have remembered Nabonidus as unorthodox and misguided, though not insane or necessarily a bad ruler. [24] Belshazzar never became king and Babylon ultimately fell under Nabonidus's leadership, as Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid Empire invaded Babylonia in 539 BC and put an end to the Neo-Babylonian Empire.
His son Belshazzar was left to govern Babylonia (though with the title crown prince rather than king, a title Nabonidus continued to hold). Why Nabonidus spent a decade away from his capital there is unknown. Nabonidus' return c. 543 BC was accompanied with a reorganization of his court and the removal of some of its more influential members. [32]
The fall of Babylon was the decisive event that marked the total defeat of the Neo-Babylonian Empire to the Achaemenid Empire in 539 BC.. Nabonidus, the final Babylonian king and son of the Assyrian priestess Adad-guppi, [4] ascended to the throne in 556 BC, after overthrowing his predecessor Labashi-Marduk.
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The Nabonidus Chronicle is an ancient Babylonian text, part of a larger series of Babylonian Chronicles inscribed in cuneiform script on clay tablets.It deals primarily with the reign of Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, covers the conquest of Babylon by the Persian king Cyrus the Great, and ends with the start of the reign of Cyrus's son Cambyses II, spanning a period ...