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The Battle of Aachen was a battle of World War II, fought by American and German forces in and around Aachen, Germany, between 12 September and 21 October 1944. [4] [5] The city had been incorporated into the Siegfried Line, the main defensive network on Germany's western border; the Allies had hoped to capture it quickly and advance into the industrialized Ruhr Basin.
location of Aachen in the Meuse (Dutch and German: Maas) river system (Wurm→ Rur→ Meuse→ North Sea)Aachen (/ ˈ ɑː k ən / ⓘ AH-kən, German: ⓘ; Aachen dialect: Oche; Dutch: Aken [ˈaːkə(n)] ⓘ; French: Aix-la-Chapelle; [a] Latin: Aquae Granni or Aquisgranum) is the 13th-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia and the 27th-largest city of Germany, with around 261,000 inhabitants.
Born in 1902, Franz Oppenhoff received a law degree from Cologne University, and worked as a lawyer until World War II.Oppenhoff was an expert on Nazi law, had been legal representative for the Bishop of Aachen, Johannes Joseph van der Velden, and had defended some cases for Jewish companies.
The Battle of Crucifix Hill was a World War II battle that took place on 8 October 1944, on Crucifix Hill (Haarberg, Hill 239), next to the village of Haaren in Germany and was a part of the U.S. 1st Division's campaign to seize Aachen, Germany. The Battle of Aachen was part of the Drive to the Siegfried Line.
World War II: 1939–1945: Contemporary Germany. Occupation; Ostgebiete; 1945–1949/1952: ... 1306 – Aachen becomes a Free Imperial City of the Holy Roman Empire.
Aachen Cathedral (German: Aachener Dom) is a Catholic church in Aachen, Germany and the cathedral of the Diocese of Aachen. One of the oldest cathedral buildings in Europe, it was constructed as the royal chapel of the Palace of Aachen of Emperor Charlemagne , who was buried there in 814.
James Montross Burt (July 18, 1917 – February 15, 2006) was a United States Army armor officer who received the Medal of Honor for his valor in the Battle of Aachen during World War II. 66th Armor regimental coat of arms. In later life Captain Burt served as Honorary Colonel of the Regiment.
The Siegfried Line, known in German as the Westwall (= western bulwark), was a German defensive line built during the late 1930s. Started in 1936, opposite the French Maginot Line, it stretched more than 630 km (390 mi) from Kleve on the border with the Netherlands, along the western border of Nazi Germany, to the town of Weil am Rhein on the border with Switzerland.