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  2. Catalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalysis

    Catalysis (/ k ə ˈ t æ l ə s ɪ s /) is the increase in rate of a chemical reaction due to an added substance known as a catalyst [1] [2] (/ ˈ k æ t əl ɪ s t /). Catalysts are not consumed by the reaction and remain unchanged after it. [3]

  3. Industrial catalysts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_catalysts

    Some of the large chemical processes that use catalysis today are the production of methanol and ammonia. Both methanol and ammonia synthesis take advantage of the water-gas shift reaction and heterogeneous catalysis, while other chemical industries use homogenous catalysis. If the catalyst exists in the same phase as the reactants it is said ...

  4. Biocatalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocatalysis

    Biocatalysis refers to the use of living (biological) systems or their parts to speed up chemical reactions. In biocatalytic processes, natural catalysts, such as enzymes, perform chemical transformations on organic compounds.

  5. Catalytic distillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic_distillation

    The catalysts used for catalytic distillation are composed of different substances and packed onto varying objects. The majority of the catalysts are powdered acids, bases, metal oxides, or metal halides. These substances tend to be highly reactive which can significantly speed up the rate of the reaction making them effective catalysts. [3]

  6. Haber process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haber_process

    The production of the catalyst requires a particular melting process in which used raw materials must be free of catalyst poisons and the promoter aggregates must be evenly distributed in the magnetite melt. Rapid cooling of the magnetite, which has an initial temperature of about 3500 °C, produces the desired precursor.

  7. Catalytic oxidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic_oxidation

    Typical catalysts are platinum, and redox-active oxides of iron, vanadium, and molybdenum. In many cases, catalysts are modified with a host of additives or promoters that enhance rates or selectivities. Important homogeneous catalysts for the oxidation of organic compounds are carboxylates of cobalt, iron, and manganese

  8. Selective catalytic reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_catalytic_reduction

    The two most common catalyst geometries used today are honeycomb catalysts and plate catalysts. The honeycomb form usually consists of an extruded ceramic applied homogeneously throughout the carrier or coated on the substrate. Like the various types of catalysts, their configuration also has advantages and disadvantages.

  9. Catalytic cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic_cycle

    The catalytic cycle is the main method for describing the role of catalysts in biochemistry, organometallic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, materials science, etc. Since catalysts are regenerated, catalytic cycles are usually written as a sequence of chemical reactions in the form of a loop.