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The approach is conventionally understood as having been developed by Franz Boas, who developed the discipline of anthropology in the United States. [1] [2] A 2013 re-assessment of the evidence has indicated that the idea of four-field anthropology has a more complex 19th-century history in Europe and North America. [3]
These fields include: biological (physical) anthropology, cultural (socio-cultural) anthropology, linguistic anthropology (linguistics), archaeology, and applied anthropology. [1] Applied anthropology is the analysis of human interaction with the purpose of solving practical problems that affect and arise throughout time between cultures and ...
In North America, anthropology is traditionally divided into four major subdisciplines: biological anthropology, sociocultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology and archaeology. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Other academic traditions use less broad definitions, where one or more of these fields are considered separate, but related, disciplines.
Additionally, some anthropology of institutions examines the specific design of institutions and their corresponding strength. [9] More specifically, anthropologists may analyze specific events within an institution, perform semiotic investigations, or analyze the mechanisms by which knowledge and culture are organized and dispersed. [1]
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to anthropology: Anthropology – study of humankind. Anthropology has origins in the natural sciences – humanities – and the social sciences. [1] The term was first used by François Péron when discussing his encounters with Tasmanian Aborigines. [2]
Applied anthropology is the practical application of anthropological theories, methods, and practices to the analysis and solution of practical problems. The term was first put forward by Daniel G. Brinton in his paper "The Aims of Anthropology". [1] John Van Willengen defined applied anthropology as "anthropology put to use". [2]
Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including archaic humans. [1] Social anthropology studies patterns of behavior, while cultural anthropology studies cultural meaning, including norms and values. [1]
American anthropology is organized into four fields, each of which plays an important role in research on culture: biological anthropology; linguistic anthropology; cultural anthropology; archaeology; Research in these fields has influenced anthropologists working in other countries to different degrees.