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The flowers are produced in a dense cluster of up to 30 at the top of the stems (known as an umbel) and have a spicy, clove-like scent; each flower is 2–3 cm diameter with five petals with serrated edges; in wild plants the petals are red with a white base. [5] [7] [8] There are two varieties: [5] Dianthus barbatus var. barbatus. Southern Europe.
Dianthus (/ d aɪ ˈ æ n θ ə s / dy-AN-thəs) [1] is a genus of about 340 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native mainly to Europe and Asia, with a few species in north Africa and in southern Africa, and one species (D. repens) in arctic North America.
The leaves are green to greyish green, slender, 3–5 cm long and 2–4 mm broad. The flowers are white, pink, or red, 3–4 cm diameter, produced singly or in small clusters from spring to mid summer. [2] Several branched stems form a loose eyrie. The basal leaves are usually already withered during flowering, the leaves remain on the stem.
Dianthus pavonius is a hemicryptophyte scapose plant [2] [3] reaching 2–25 centimetres (0.79–9.84 in) in height. [ 4 ] [ 3 ] This short-stemmed carnation occurs in dense clumps. It has bluish-greenish pointed leaves and purple-pink coloured flowers, with a blue or brown heart.
Dianthus armeria is a species of open and periodically disturbed sites. It is normally an annual but can be biennial or a short-lived perennial. New leaf rosettes form at the base of old plants from buds located on their roots, demonstrating that this species is in fact a short-lived perennial and has a life-span of less than two and a half years. [6]
The following species in the flowering plant genus Dianthus are accepted by Plants of the World Online. [1] As of 2024 [update] , it accepts 359 species. The genus has undergone the fastest radiation known in any plant taxon.
Dianthus strictus subsp. multipunctatus (Ser.) Mouterde ex Greuter & Burdet (synonyms D. lineolatus Bové ex Delile and D. multipunctatus Ser.) – western Crete, East Aegean Islands, Lebanon and Syria, and Sinai Peninsula.
Dianthus balbisii is a hemicryptophyte scapose plant reaching on average 20–50 centimetres (7.9–19.7 in) of height. The stem is erect and glabrous , the leaves are opposite, simple and linear. At the base of the cauline leaves a sheath embraces the stem.