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  2. Soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil

    Water is a critical agent in soil development due to its involvement in the dissolution, precipitation, erosion, transport, and deposition of the materials of which a soil is composed. [39] The mixture of water and dissolved or suspended materials that occupy the soil pore space is called the soil solution. Since soil water is never pure water ...

  3. Soil organic matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_organic_matter

    The water content of most vegetal detritus ranges from 60% to 90%. The dry matter consists mainly of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. Although these three elements make up about 92% of the dry weight of the organic matter in the soil, other elements present are essential for the nutrition of plants, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ...

  4. Soil microbiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_Microbiology

    Soil microbiology is the study of microorganisms in soil, their functions, and how they affect soil properties. [1] It is believed that between two and four billion years ago, the first ancient bacteria and microorganisms came about on Earth's oceans.

  5. Soil respiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_respiration

    Much of the organic matter swept away in floods caused by forest clearing goes into estuaries, wetlands and eventually into the open ocean. Increased turbidity of surface waters causes biological oxygen demand and more autotrophic organisms die. Carbon dioxide levels rise with increased respiration of soil bacteria after temperatures rise due ...

  6. Soil gas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_gas

    The spaces between the solid soil particles, if they do not contain water, are filled with air. The primary soil gases are nitrogen, carbon dioxide and oxygen. [2] Oxygen is critical because it allows for respiration of both plant roots and soil organisms. Other natural soil gases include nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, methane, and ammonia. [3]

  7. Soil chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_chemistry

    Soil chemistry is the study of the chemical characteristics of soil.Soil chemistry is affected by mineral composition, organic matter and environmental factors. In the early 1870s a consulting chemist to the Royal Agricultural Society in England, named J. Thomas Way, performed many experiments on how soils exchange ions, and is considered the father of soil chemistry. [1]

  8. ‘Magic dirt’: How the internet fueled and defeated the ...

    www.aol.com/magic-dirt-internet-fueled-defeated...

    The social media posts started in May: photos and videos of smiling people, mostly women, drinking Mason jars of black liquid, slathering black paste on their

  9. Leaching (agriculture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaching_(agriculture)

    As water from rain, flooding, or other sources seeps into the ground, it can dissolve chemicals and carry them into the underground water supply. Of particular concern are hazardous waste dumps and landfills , and, in agriculture, excess fertilizer , improperly stored animal manure, and biocides (e.g. pesticides , fungicides , insecticides and ...