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In IUPAC nomenclature, an acetyl group is called an ethanoyl group. An acetyl group contains a methyl group (−CH 3) that is single-bonded to a carbonyl (C=O), making it an acyl group. The carbonyl center of an acyl radical has one non-bonded electron with which it forms a chemical bond to the remainder (denoted with the letter R) of the molecule.
In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, [1] ... Acetyl-CoA, the most common derivative, ...
The compound providing the acyl group is called the acylating agent. The substrate to be acylated and the product include the following: alcohols, esters; amines, amides; arenes or alkenes, [1] ketones; A particularly common type of acylation is acetylation, the addition of the acetyl group.
Acetyl chloride is used for acetylation reactions, i.e., the introduction of an acetyl group. Acetyl is an acyl group having the formula −C(=O)−CH 3. For further information on the types of chemical reactions compounds such as acetyl chloride can undergo, see acyl halide.
General chemical structure of an acyl-CoA, where R is a carboxylic acid side chain. Acyl-CoA is a group of CoA-based coenzymes that metabolize carboxylic acids. Fatty acyl-CoA's are susceptible to beta oxidation, forming, ultimately, acetyl-CoA. The acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, eventually forming several equivalents of ATP. In this ...
Acetyl (Ac) – Removed by acid or base (see Acetoxy group). Benzoyl (Bz) – Removed by acid or base, more stable than Ac group. Pivaloyl (Piv) – Removed by acid, base or reductant agents. It is substantially more stable than other acyl protecting groups. Silyl ethers:
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In addition, acetyl-CoA is a precursor for the biosynthesis of various acetyl-chemicals, acting as an intermediate to transfer an acetyl group during the biosynthesis of those acetyl-chemicals. Acetyl-CoA is also involved in the regulation of various cellular mechanisms by providing acetyl groups to target amino acid residues for post ...