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Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a drug that inhibits phosphodiesterase and blocks adenosine receptors. [1] It is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. [2] Its pharmacology is similar to other methylxanthine drugs (e.g., theobromine and caffeine). [1]
It is a combination drug containing three active ingredients - theophylline, ephedrine, phenobarbital. [2] This medication relaxes the smooth muscle of the airways, making breathing easier. [ 3 ] The common side effects of Tedral include gastrointestinal disturbances , dizziness , headache and lightheadedness .
Theophylline ephedrine ... It was first studied and used to treat asthma in the 1930s or 1940s and combinations of the two drugs subsequently became widely used. [9 ...
Even less safe are drugs such as digoxin, a cardiac glycoside; its therapeutic index is approximately 2:1. [13] Other examples of drugs with a narrow therapeutic range, which may require drug monitoring both to achieve therapeutic levels and to minimize toxicity, include dimercaprol, theophylline, warfarin and lithium carbonate.
Dimenhydrinate is a theoclate salt composed of diphenhydramine and 8-chlorotheophylline (a theophylline relative) in a 1:1 ratio. [ 2 ] Dimenhydrinate was introduced to the market by G.D. Searle in 1949.
Cromolyn Nedocromil. Mast cell stabilizers are medications used to prevent or treat certain allergic disorders. They block mast cell degranulation, stabilizing the cell and thereby preventing the release of histamine [1] and related mediators.
Some troops leave the battlefield injured. Others return from war with mental wounds. Yet many of the 2 million Iraq and Afghanistan veterans suffer from a condition the Defense Department refuses to acknowledge: Moral injury.
Onset of action is typically within 15 to 30 minutes and lasts for three to five hours. [3] The nasal spray prevents the glands in the nose from producing large amounts of fluid. [5] [6] It is used to treat rhinorrhea (runny nose) caused by allergic rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis, [5] and the common cold. [7] [2] It is used by metered-dose ...
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